Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide such an additive for a lithium secondary battery that improves the battery capacity and the initial efficiency of the lithium secondary battery. In the invention, a fullerene derivative having a group having a formula weight of 6 or more is used as an additive for a lithium secondary battery. A fullerene derivative having a group having a formula weight of 6 or more is contained in an anode material for a lithium secondary battery, an anode for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium secondary battery using an anode containing the anode material. The group having a formula weight of 6 or more in the fullerene derivative is preferably one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal atom, a chalcogen atom, a halogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, a heterocyclic group, a characteristic group containing oxygen, a characteristic group containing sulfur and a characteristic group containing nitrogen.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide such an additive for a lithium secondary battery that improves the battery capacity and the initial efficiency of the lithium secondary battery. In the invention, a fullerene derivative having a group having a formula weight of 6 or more is used as an additive for a lithium secondary battery. A fullerene derivative having a group having a formula weight of 6 or more is contained in an anode material for a lithium secondary battery, an anode for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium secondary battery using an anode containing the anode material. The group having a formula weight of 6 or more in the fullerene derivative is preferably one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal atom, a chalcogen atom, a halogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, a heterocyclic group, a characteristic group containing oxygen, a characteristic group containing sulfur and a characteristic group containing nitrogen.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a non-magnetic transparent support, a magnetic layer, and a conductive intermediate layer formed between the non-magnetic transparent support and the magnetic layer, the conductive intermediate layer comprising, as major components, powder of conductive metal or metal compound and a binder resin, wherein:the binder resin of the intermediate layer contains from 10 to 200 .mu.eq/g of --SO.sub.3 M group, --COOM group, --PO.sub.3 M.sub.2 group, or --NH.sub.3.sup.+ X.sup.- group, where M is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, or an alkaline earth metal atom, and X is a monovalent anion, andthe ratio of the content of the powder of the conductive metal or metal compound to that of the binder resin, based on weight, in the conductive intermediate layer is from 8 to 13, and a recording/reproducing method.