Abstract: A radiated electromagnetic wave estimation is performed by a computer. The estimation process includes: converting a circuit diagram of an electronic circuit board into a combination of a plurality of partial circuits; and predicting radiated electromagnetic waves from the electronic circuit board by using a prediction result of a radiated electromagnetic wave for each of the partial circuits obtained by the converting.

Abstract: An aircraft (or vehicle) and a vehicle seat arranging method by which the number of seats is increased to the maximum, while comfortability of passengers is ensured, includes a seat 20B immediately adjacent to an inner wall surface 11a out of a plurality of seats 20 provided in an array in a body 11 of an aircraft (or vehicle) 10, with the seat 20B being arranged inwardly obliquely so that a foot clearance of passengers is ensured. Oblique angles of mutually adjacent seats 20A, 20B can be made different from each other to form a fan shape so that passengers are prevented from interfering with each other on their shoulders. Also, baggage receiving spaces 30 provided in immediate front of the seats 20A, 20B, respectively, can be arranged so as not to interfere with each other.

Abstract: Provided are an aircraft (or vehicle) and a vehicle seat arranging method by which the number of seats is increased to the maximum, while comfortability of passengers is ensured. A seat 20B immediately adjacent to an inner wall surface 11a out of a plurality of seats 20 provided in array in a body 11 of an aircraft (or vehicle) 10 is arranged inwardly obliquely so that a foot clearance of passengers is ensured. Oblique angles of mutually adjacent seats 20A, 20B can be made different from each other to form a fan shape so that passengers are prevented from interfering with each other on their shoulders. Also, baggage receiving spaces 30 provided in immediate front of the seats 20A, 20B, respectively, can be arranged so as not to interfere with each other.

Abstract: A vehicle rental managing device, a vehicle rental reservation terminal, a vehicle rental managing system, and a vehicle rental managing method for managing vehicles to be lent to users, which are suitable for enhancing the use of vehicles from a port having an excess number to a port having a deficient number of the vehicles in order to eliminate maldistribution of the vehicles. The vehicle rental managing unit includes a vehicle excess-deficiency determination unit which determines an excess or deficient number of the vehicles at the ports by accessing rental circumstances of the vehicles, and a fee setting unit which sets a fee smaller than a normal for a use of the vehicles being lent from a port determined to have an excess number of the vehicles, or for a use of the vehicles to be returned to a port determined to have a deficient number.

Abstract: A shared vehicle distribution instruction apparatus instructs the movement of shared vehicles between ports appropriately.

Abstract: A vehicle managing system including a vehicle to be lent to a user and a plurality of ports used for parking the vehicle. The plurality of ports include a first port which is located in the vicinity of a station of a transportation facility, and a second port which is located in the vicinity of both a residential area where a first user who uses the station resides and a place of destination for a second user who uses the station. In the vehicle managing system, the users are divided into a plurality of groups based on a direction of the vehicle between the first port and second port and a time zone using the vehicle, and the vehicles are alternately assigned to a group that moves to the station and another group that moves from the station based on the order of the time zone using the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle managing device is provided with a control station of a vehicle use shared system in which a user ID number is compared with an ID number registered on an ID terminal owned by the user. The vehicle managing device includes a reservation information storage unit which stores vehicle reservation information of the user so as to relate to the user ID number; a vehicle reservation confirmation unit which confirms a presence of a reservation made by the user on a vehicle the user wishes to use by retrieving the reservation information storage unit using the user ID number transmitted from the vehicle; and a vehicle rental control unit which, if it is determined that the user has made a reservation on another vehicle, cancels the reservation made by the user and instructs rental permission to the vehicle the user wishes to use.

Abstract: A vehicle managing system including a vehicle to be lent to a user and a plurality of ports used for parking the vehicle. The plurality of ports include a first port which is located in the vicinity of a station of a transportation facility, and a second port which is located in the vicinity of both a residential area where a first user who uses the station resides and a place of destination for a second user who uses the station. In the vehicle managing system, the users are divided into a plurality of groups based on a direction of the vehicle between the first port and second port and a time zone using the vehicle, and the vehicles are alternately assigned to a group that moves to the station and another group that moves from the station based on the order of the time zone using the vehicle.

Abstract: A cam follower apparatus includes at least a roller and a supporting shaft for supporting the roller freely rotatably. Unevenness is formed equally on the surface of at least one of the roller and supporting shaft by corrosion by manganese phosphate salt and the manganese phosphate salt film is formed on the corroded surface. Good-quality oil film can be formed stably without interruption thereof under even a strict working condition with a small amount of lubricant due to the unevenness formed on the film. Therefore, direct contact between metals is prevented, thereby improving lubricity.

Abstract: A process for producing ethanol which comprises reacting methanol, carbon noxide and hydrogen in the presence of (a) a catalyst containing a cobalt component, an iron component, a ruthenium component and an iodine component, (b) at least one organic solvent and (c) water, said catalyst comprising the cobalt component in amount of 0.1-500 milligram atom (mg-atom) in terms of cobalt per 1 mol of methanol, an iron component in amount of 0.01-4 atoms per 1 atom of cobalt in terms of metal, a ruthenium component in amount of 0.01-4 atoms per 1 atom of cobalt in terms of metal and an iodine component in amount of 0.05-20 atoms per 1 atom of cobalt is disclosed. According to the present invention, selectivity to ethanol is high and ethanol can be obtained under mild conditions.

Abstract: A process for producing ethanol which comprises reacting methanol, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of (a) a catalyst comprising cobalt or a cobalt compound and a tertiary phosphine as an effective component and (b) promoter comprising an aromatic carboxylic acid, an ester thereof, or a cobalt salt of aromatic carboxylic acid is disclosed. According to the present invention, formation of by-products becomes less and selectivity to realizable ethanol becomes higher.

Abstract: Ethanol is prepared with high selectivity from methanol, carbon monoxide and hydrogen by using cobalt phosphate as main catalyst in combination with a platinum group element as co-catalyst or without using such co-catalyst, and further with or without a phosphorus compound. Recovery of the catalyst can be carried out easily.

Abstract: A process for producing ethanol which comprises reacting methanol, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of (a) a catalyst comprising cobalt or a cobalt compound and an alkyl phosphine as an effective component and (b) a co-catalyst comprising hydrochloric acid and in the absence of an iodide is disclosed. According to the present invention, formation of by-products becomes less and selectivity to realizable ethanol becomes higher.

Abstract: A process for producing ethanol which comprises reacting methanol, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of (a) an inert solvent and (b) a catalyst containing cobalt compound, a manganese compound and a tertiary phosphine. According to the present invention, amount of by-products formed is small.

Abstract: A process for producing ethanol which comprises reacting methanol, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of (a) a solvent selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, and ethers and (b) a catalyst comprising a cobalt compound, a ruthenium compound and a tertiary phosphine in the absence of iodine, bromine, an iodine compound or a bromine compound is disclosed. According to this invention, ethanol can be produced from methanol, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a high selectivity to neat ethanol.

Abstract: In a process for producing acetaldehyde which comprises reacting a mixture of methanol and methyl acetate with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a cobalt-iodine catalyst, the improvement wherein methyl acetate is used in an amount of 0.4 to 9 parts by weight per part by weight of methanol, cobalt and iodine are used in an amount of 2 to 100 milligram-atoms and 8 to 200 milligram-atoms, respectively, per mole of the entire methyl groups in the methanol and methyl acetate, 1 to 4 iodine atoms being present per cobalt atom, and the reaction is carried out at a temperature lower than 160.degree. C. and a pressure of not more than 300 kg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A process for producing adipic acid diester which comprises the first step of reacting butadiene, carbon monoxide and an alcohol in the present of cobalt carbonyl catalyst at a temperature of from 80.degree. to 160.degree. C. to form a 3-pentenoic acid ester, andthe second step of reacting the 3-pentenoic acid ester in the reaction mixture, carbon monoxide and an alcohol at a temperature of from 160.degree. to 220.degree. C., characterized in that the first and second reactions are carried out in an amine solvent is disclosed.

Abstract: A commercially acceptable and advantageous process for the preparation of an alkyl carboxylate having the formula R.sup.1 COOCH.sub.2 R.sup.2 by reacting an alkyl carboxylate having the formula R.sup.1 COOR.sup.2, carbon monoxide and hydrogen is disclosed (R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl group or aromatic group and R.sup.2 is alkyl group). The reaction is conducted by the concurrent use of manganese and ruthenium as catalyst in the presence of iodine or bromine as the promoter. The reaction proceeds smoothly under milder condition in high yield and high selectivity.

Abstract: In a process for producing a 3-pentenoic ester which comprises reacting butadiene, carbon monoxide and an alcohol in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst selected from cobalt carbonyl or cobalt carbonyl complex, the improvement which comprises distilling the reaction mixture to remove organic volatile components comprised of the 3-pentenoic ester and the unreacted raw materials and the solvent and contacting the distillation residue with an organic solvent to dissolve and/or disperse the residue in the solvent and contacting the resulting organic solution with an aqueous acid solution to extract any cobalt component from the organic solution with the aqueous acid solution, and separating the aqueous acid solution containing the cobalt component from the organic solution, and neutralizing the aqueous acid solution with an alkaline solution to precipitate a cobalt component is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a 2-pentenoic ester which comprises contacting the corresponding 3-pentenoic ester with a composite catalyst composed of magnesia and alumina is disclosed.