Abstract: A small-size image formation optical system including two types of a plurality of Porro prism lenses, with an upper lens surface and a lower lens surface of each Porro prism lens being in the form of mirror images, said Porro prism lenses being combined to form arrays which are shifted by a half period in phase, capable of forming an erect real image.

Abstract: A roof mirror array for use in an optical imaging apparatus includes a front and a rear surface on which a succession of chevron faces of an equal configuration are formed in a manner such that the peak of one of the surfaces is aligned with the valley of the other surface. The chevron faces on at least one of the front and the rear surface define a roof mirror surface. The array includes a holding frame which surrounds the outside portion of the central region between the chevron faces.

Abstract: An original document for facsmile transmission or the like is fed over a horizontal transparent platen by rollers for scanning. A light source illuminates the document and a mirror reflects a light image of a linear portion of the document perpendicular to the direction of movement horizontally to a converging lens. The light image from the lens is reflected upwardly by another mirror onto the light receiving surface of a linear photosensor array. The light receiving surface of the array faces downwardly, minimizing accumulation of dust thereon. A light baffle in the form of a box is provided between the first mirror and converging lens and is formed with apertures for the light image to pass therethrough. A scan drive and amplifier circuit for the array is mounted closely adjacent thereto while a signal processing circuit comprising a quantization means is mounted on the box and electrically connected to the drive unit. The various units of the apparatus are individually detachable for ease of servicing.

Abstract: A transmitting and copying machine comprising an optical system on the copying side having an image forming lens for guiding original-scanning reflected light onto a photosensitive material to form an image thereon, an optical system on the transmitting side having an optical axis biased in a main scanning direction, and a fixed mirror for refracting the optical axis of the optical system on the transmitting side such that the optical axis passes in front of the image forming lens to be guided onto the solid scanning element via the reading lens. The reading lens has a small maximum half image angle and the fixed mirror has a small reflecting surface. Then, the optical system on the transmitting side can be inserted very easily in the machine.

Abstract: In the process and apparatus, the first copy is made from an original document to be copied or from an image information fed to the apparatus in the form of input signals and, from the second copy on, copies are made from the respective preceding copies before the respective preceding copies are discharged from the apparatus until a desired number of identical copies are obtained.

Abstract: An optical system scans an original document vertically and focusses an image of a linear portion of the document onto a photosensor array which comprises a large number of photosensor elements arranged in a line. The photosensor elements are sequentially enabled always in one direction to effect horizontal scan of the linear portion of the document. The optical system alternately scans up and down to maximize the vertical scanning speed. Reversal means control the optical system and photosensor array to effect rightward and leftward horizontal scan when the vertical scan direction is upward and downward respectively. The optical system may comprise two imaging systems to project erect and inverted images on the photosensor array respectively, the reversal means comprising a shutter for selectively unblocking the imaging systems.

Abstract: A scan line of an original document is divided into first and second halves, and first and second optical systems focus first and second images of the first and second halves onto a linear array of photosensitive elements such as photodiodes. The first and second images are each coextensive with the array and superimpose. A rotary shutter alternatingly blocks the first and second images so that only one of the first and second images is incident on the array at any time.