Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a converting portion having a plurality of electrical conductors to be arranged in mutual separation and a medium arranged so as to mutually connect the plurality of electrical conductors, wherein the converting portion is the information processing apparatus to convert an input signal to an output signal. The medium includes the electrolyte and is configured to be capable of controlling an electrical conductivity of an electrically conductive path mutually electrically connecting the plurality of electrical conductors, and the medium is selected such that the electrical conductivity of the electrically conductive path changes over time with the input signal not being present.

Abstract: A plate-shaped gasket 23 is inserted between a plurality of parts with an edge of the plate-shaped gasket 23 offset such that portions of mutually joining surfaces of the plurality of parts to be joined to each other (a cylinder block 1 and a cylinder head 4, as well as a chain cover 22 and a sprocket casing portion 20 in the embodiment) directly oppose each other, and a liquid gasket 29 is filled in a gap G formed by the directly opposing portions of the plurality of parts and the offset edge (an inner peripheral edge of a chain accommodating hole 27) of the plate-shaped gasket. As a result, since the thickness of the liquid gasket can be determined by the thickness of the plate-shaped gasket, it becomes unnecessary to form a recessed portion for storing the liquid gasket by machining, so that the number of manufacturing steps is prevented from increasing.

Abstract: A tensioner for a camshaft driving chain (a plunger device 17 shown in the first embodiment of the invention) and a hydraulic control valve 21 are disposed close to each other. An oil passage 31 for supplying an oil pressure to the tensioner is caused to branch off from a downstream side of an oil filter 27 provided at an inlet port 28 of the hydraulic control valve. With this construction, the arrangement of the oil passage can be simplified, and therefore not only can man hours required for forming the oil passage be reduced, but also the number of components required can also be reduced by commonizing the oil filter. Accordingly, it is possible to provide an improved assembling arrangement for a tensioner and a hydraulic control valve in an internal combustion engine without involving an increase in production costs.