Abstract: Solid particulate material such as cement raw material, clinker, etc., is finely ground, crushed or pulverized, by means of a rotatable generally vertically oriented container of generally inverted frusto-conical shape, and having grinding media such as steel balls disposed therein. The discrete particles of the material to be pulverized are fed into the upper part of the container as it is rotated about a central vertical axis, and egress of the resulting finely ground material by centrifugal force from the container to external collection is accomplished by the provision of slits in the inclined side wall of the rotary container. A fixed cover enclosing the upper part of the container is provided with inner guide vanes which are typically curved or of a vortical form. A preliminary coarse crushing mechanism may be provided, and this mechanism may be integrated with the rotary container, so that coarse crushing and fine crushing may be performed by a single device.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for calcining cement-clinkers by using a calcination apparatus having a generally cylindrical calcining furnace which is composed of (a) a throat part, (b) a spouted bed and (c) an uppermost chamber longitudinally connected in series with an upper part of a combustion chamber having a separate heat source. The calcining apparatus is disposed between a suspension type raw material preheating device and rotary kiln or a fluidized bed calcining device wherein, cement raw materials, which have been partly calcined in the said raw material preheating device, are fed in the vicinity of the upper end of the said spouted bed while a jet fluid of a high temperature flue gas passing through the throat part under high speed from the said combustion chamber and rising upwards is admixed with a tangential flow of a high temperature exhaust gas introduced into the vicinity of the upper end of the said spouted bed from the said rotary kiln or from the fluidized bed calcining device.