Abstract: An area in which a model of a soft medium is moved is divided into a plurality of elements. In response to an update of simulation time, parameters about the model of the soft medium are shifted to elements at a position to which the soft medium is to be conveyed. After the parameters are shifted, the shape of the model of the soft medium is calculated. The elements need not be redivided by shifting the parameters to the elements at the position, to which the soft medium is to be conveyed.

Abstract: An analysis method of analyzing a discharge phenomenon in an information processing apparatus having a memory includes calculating differences in potential between nodes on a first surface of a meshed simulation model and the corresponding nodes on a second surface thereof based on a predetermined amount of charge of each node before the discharge and the permittivity of each element of the simulation model; storing information concerning a pair of nodes having the difference in potential which exceeds a Paschen voltage determined from the distance between the nodes; and analyzing an amount of charge moved due to the discharge and electric potential distribution after the discharge based on the stored information and the amount of charge of each node before the discharge and storing the analyzed amount of charge and the electric potential distribution.

Abstract: An area in which a model of a soft medium is moved is divided into a plurality of elements. In response to an update of simulation time, parameters about the model of the soft medium are shifted to elements at a position to which the soft medium is to be conveyed. After the parameters are shifted, the shape of the model of the soft medium is calculated. The elements need not be redivided by shifting the parameters to the elements at the position, to which the soft medium is to be conveyed.

Abstract: An analysis method of analyzing a discharge phenomenon in an information processing apparatus having a memory includes calculating differences in potential between nodes on a first surface of a meshed simulation model and the corresponding nodes on a second surface thereof based on a predetermined amount of charge of each node before the discharge and the permittivity of each element of the simulation model; storing information concerning a pair of nodes having the difference in potential which exceeds a Paschen voltage determined from the distance between the nodes; and analyzing an amount of charge moved due to the discharge and electric potential distribution after the discharge based on the stored information and the amount of charge of each node before the discharge and storing the analyzed amount of charge and the electric potential distribution.

Abstract: An analysis method of analyzing a discharge phenomenon in an information processing apparatus having a memory includes calculating differences in potential between nodes on a first surface of a meshed simulation model and the corresponding nodes on a second surface thereof based on a predetermined amount of charge of each node before the discharge and the permittivity of each element of the simulation model; storing information concerning a pair of nodes having the difference in potential which exceeds a Paschen voltage determined from the distance between the nodes; and analyzing an amount of charge moved due to the discharge and electric potential distribution after the discharge based on the stored information and the amount of charge of each node before the discharge and storing the analyzed amount of charge and the electric potential distribution.

Abstract: A surface position detection apparatus of this invention includes a position detection section having a plurality of electrodes opposing the object surface to be measured, and a measurement device for selecting at least one electrode of the plurality of electrodes in accordance with the shape of the object surface, supplying an AC current to the selected electrode, and measuring the current flowing to the electrode, thereby measuring the distance between the electrode and object surface.

Abstract: An analysis method of analyzing a discharge phenomenon in an information processing apparatus having a memory includes calculating differences in potential between nodes on a first surface of a meshed simulation model and the corresponding nodes on a second surface thereof based on a predetermined amount of charge of each node before the discharge and the permittivity of each element of the simulation model; storing information concerning a pair of nodes having the difference in potential which exceeds a Paschen voltage determined from the distance between the nodes; and analyzing an amount of charge moved due to the discharge and electric potential distribution after the discharge based on the stored information and the amount of charge of each node before the discharge and storing the analyzed amount of charge and the electric potential distribution.

Abstract: A WC-based composite ceramics sintered body consisting of 40 volume % to 90 volume % of WC including solid-solved oxygen represented by a chemical formula of WCxOy (where 0.005<y/x+y<0.05), with the remainder being partially stabilized ZrO2 and inevitable impurities, wherein partially stabilized ZrO2 includes one or more of stabilizers selected from the group consisting of Y2O3, CeO2 and MgO. A prepared powder of raw material is held in an atmosphere containing oxygen in a temperature range of 200° C. to 600° C. for 0.1 hour to 3 hours to provide WC grains including solid-solved oxygen represented by a chemical formula of WCxOy (where 0.005<y/x+y<0.05). Partially stabilized Zro2 including one or more of stabilizers selected from the group consisting of Y2O3, CeO2 and MgO is used as a phase for filling up the grain boundary of the WC grains.

Abstract: A surface position detection apparatus includes a position detection section having a plurality of electrodes opposing an object surface to be measured, and a measurement device for selecting at least one electrode of the plurality of electrodes in accordance with the shape of the object surface, supplying an AC current to the selected electrode, and measuring the current flowing to the electrode, thereby measuring the distance between the electrode and the object surface.

Abstract: A surface position detection apparatus of this invention includes a position detection section having a plurality of electrodes opposing the object surface to be measured, and a measurement device for selecting at least one electrode of the plurality of electrodes in accordance with the shape of the object surface, supplying an AC current to the selected electrode, and measuring the current flowing to the electrode, thereby measuring the distance between the electrode and object surface.

Abstract: A rotor magnet includes a first polarized layer alternately polarized into different poles while being circumferentially divided into n parts, and a second polarized layer alternately polarized into different poles. An advance phase angle as &thgr;1 with respect to the first polarized layer is set and the magnet is circumferentially divided into n parts. First and second coils are disposed in an axial direction of the rotor magnet. A first outer magnetic pole and a first inner magnetic pole, which are a first stator excited by the first coil, are opposed to an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface of the rotor, and a second outer magnetic pole, and a second inner magnetic pole which are a second stator excited by the second coil, are opposed to an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface of the rotor.

Abstract: A surface position detection apparatus of this invention includes a position detection section having a plurality of electrodes opposing the object surface to be measured, and a measurement device for selecting at least one electrode of the plurality of electrodes in accordance with the shape of the object surface, supplying an AC current to the selected electrode, and measuring the current flowing to the electrode, thereby measuring the distance between the electrode and object surface.

Abstract: A rotor magnet includes a first polarized layer alternately polarized into different poles while being circumferentially divided into n parts, and a second polarized layer alternately polarized into different poles. An advance phase angle as &thgr;1 with respect to the first polarized layer is set and the magnet is circumferentially divided into n parts. First and second coils are disposed in an axial direction of the rotor magnet. A first outer magnetic pole and a first inner magnetic pole, which are a first stator excited by the first coil, are opposed to an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface of the rotor, and a second outer magnetic pole, and a second inner magnetic pole which are a second stator excited by the second coil, are opposed to an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface of the rotor.

Abstract: A motor includes a rotor including a permanent magnet circumferentially equally divided and alternately magnetized to different poles into a cylindrical shape. A first coil and a second coil are displayed inside and axially of the rotor. First outer magnetic poles and first inner magnetic poles are excited by the first coil and are opposed to the outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface of the rotor, respectively. Second outer magnetic poles and second inner magnetic poles excited by the second coil are opposed to the outer peripheral surface and inner peripheral surface of the rotor, respectively. The first inner magnetic poles and the second inner magnetic poles are located between the first coil and the second coil, to thereby make the opposed area of the outer magnetic poles, the inner magnetic poles and the magnet large and provide a super-compact motor of a high output and high efficiency.

Abstract: This invention provides an alumina base ceramic sintered body excellent in wear resistance with high hardness, also with high strength and high toughness, and particularly suitable for a cutting tool or wear resistant member. This sintered body contains 5-70 % by volume of WC and 5-70% by volume of Ti (C,N) solid solution having a C/N mole ratio ranging from 1:9 to 9:1, the WC and Ti (C,N) having particle sizes of 5 .mu.m or less, respectively.

Abstract: An electrical motor includes a cylindrical magnet divided into n regions circularly around at least an outer circumference thereof that are magnetized in alternate polarities. The motor also includes first and second coils arranged in an axial direction of the magnet. The magnet is interposed between the first and second coils. The motor further includes first and second external portions excitable by current flowing through the first and second coils, respectively, so that these portions become first and second external magnetic poles, respectively. The first and second external portions face the outer circumference of the magnet at one side and the other side thereof, respectively. The area of the first and second external portions facing the outer circumference of the first and second coils, respectively, is equal to or smaller than three-quarters of the area of the outer circumference of the first and second coils, respectively.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus which provides improved user interfacing. Upon the inputting of model data, data-input windows and item information input into the windows are displayed, and parameters input in the displayed data-input windows are converted into text data and stored into a memory. The text data includes a plurality of instructions having parameter's input in the data-input windows. As the stored text data is read and execution is designated, the instructions described in the text data are sequentially executed. Further, it is possible to change the instruction included in the text data. Further, the instructions described by the text data may be changed by reading the text data and displaying the read text data on a display screen and changing the parameters of the instruction. Otherwise, an instruction may be added to the text data by reading the text data and displaying the read text data on the display screen and adding additional instructions to the text data.

Abstract: A linear motor includes a coil for receiving an electrical current and a first plurality of permanent magnets. The coil and the first plurality of permanent magnets move relative to each other in a direction of relative movement when an electrical current flows through the coil. The permanent magnets are arrayed in the direction of relative movement to form a first array. The direction of polarity of each permanent magnet in the first plurality of permanent magnets is oriented 90.degree. relative to the direction of polarity of an adjacent permanent magnet in the first plurality of permanent magnets. The first plurality of permanent magnets has a main portion and an end portion comprising plural corrective permanent magnets. Each of the plural corrective permanent magnets is smaller than the permanent magnets in the main portion having the same or opposite direction of polarity.

Abstract: To provide a substrate material having characteristics suitable to a magnetic head for attaining high recording density. A substrate material for a magnetic head comprising a matrix phase of a carbide of one or more of Ti, W and Ta and a dispersion phase of an oxide of one or more of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, CrO.sub.3, and ZrO.sub.2, in which the material comprises 60 to 95 vol % of the matrix phase of the carbide. Further, a single phase in which the ingredients of carbides as the matrix phase comprise (Ti.sub.j W.sub.m Ta.sub.n)C.sub.x is preferred. Further, oxygen and/or nitrogen may be solid-solubilized in the carbide MeC of the matrix phase wherein Me is one or more of Ti, W, and Ta.

Abstract: Provided are an analytical data display method and apparatus in which the user can readily define a plurality of windows and an analytical model or analytical results can be graphically displayed in each window, thereby making it possible to change the position and size at will, and in which a number of analytical models or analytical results can be readily arranged through a simple operation. A display screen is provided with a plurality of independent windows and identical analytical models or analytical results are graphically displayed from different viewpoints in respective ones of the plurality of independent windows. A layout designation window is provided for designating the layout of a plurality of the graphics display windows. The layout designation window is subdivided into a plurality of areas, and the plurality of areas and respective ones of the plurality of graphics display windows are correlated.