Abstract: Disclosed herein is an omni-directional low distortion broadband coaxial horn antenna that supports a wireless bandwidth of 2-12 GHz with an instantaneous bandwidth up to 6 GHz wide within that 2-12 GHz range. These exemplary frequencies represent a single embodiment, but do not limit the range of possible frequencies the antenna can cover based on its design equations and scalability to other frequency ranges. In general, the antenna's dielectric shape is an hourglass cylindrical annulus with a curved conical void. The annular hole in the center of the antenna allows transmission line connection to the conductive surfaces applied to both the conical subtraction from the annulus and to the antenna's base. The present invention is not limited by this embodiment and also includes any embodiment of a cylindrical annulus with a conical void as determined in the manner disclosed herein and having conductive surfaces applied to it for electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printing apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional object includes a controller comprising a signal generator and a three-dimensional printer. The three-dimensional printer includes a print head, a three-dimensional object carrier, and an electrical field applicator. The electrical field applicator is disposed on an end of the print head. The controller is in communication with the print head, part carrier, and electrical field applicator. The three dimensional printer builds the three-dimensional object onto the three-dimensional object carrier. The signal generator outputs a signal to the electrical field applicator and the electrical field applicator generates an electrical field incident to the three-dimensional object on three-dimensional object carrier.