Abstract: Example implementations relate to deduplication operations in a storage system. An example includes receiving a data stream to be stored in persistent storage of a deduplication storage system, where the data stream includes multiple locality portions that each include multiple data units. The example also includes identifying a new data unit to be indexed by a particular container index that is associated with a locality portion including the new data unit. The example also includes, in response to a determination that the count of matching entries in the particular container index has reached a maximum number of matching entries, converting a first matching entry into a first nonmatching entry in the particular container index, and storing metadata of the new data unit in a new matching entry of the particular container index.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to deduplication operations in a storage system. An example includes receiving a stream of data units to be stored in a persistent storage of a deduplication storage system; generating a manifest to record a received order of the data units; indexing the data units in container indexes, where each container index records fingerprints and immutable storage locations of one or more data units; in response to a determination that the manifest has reached a threshold size, determining immutable storage locations that are recorded in the container indexes; and updating the manifest to record the determined immutable storage locations.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to deduplication operations in a storage system. An example includes receiving a stream of data units to be stored in a persistent storage of a deduplication storage system; generating a manifest to record a received order of the data units; indexing the data units in container indexes, where each container index records fingerprints and immutable storage locations of one or more data units; in response to a determination that the manifest has reached a threshold size, determining immutable storage locations that are recorded in the container indexes; and updating the manifest to record the determined immutable storage locations.