Abstract: An optical sensor is used to detect a target in a sample liquid. The optical sensor has an optical sensing layer including, in the same layer, a fluorescent reporter, a fluorescent reference, and an optical isolating reagent. The optical sensing layer has an outer surface that contacts the sample liquid and an opposing surface through which a light source irradiates the optical sensing layer with excitation light, and a detector detects fluorescence emitted from within the optical sensing layer. The optical isolating reagent reduces the amount of (i) excitation light that passes through the optical sensing layer and reaches the sample liquid and (ii) background fluorescence that is emitted within the sample liquid and passes back through the optical sensing layer to the detector. Accordingly, the optical reporter and optical reference fluorescence can be detected with higher signal to noise ratios than in the absence of the optical isolating reagent.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds, such as compounds of Formula I, and compositions that are MCL1 inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of Formula I, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and methods of making and using the same. The compounds of the invention are effective in inhibiting KRAS protein with a G12C mutation and are suitable for use in methods of treating cancers mediated, in whole or in part, by KRAS G12C mutation.