Abstract: A system and process for removing catalyst fines from a gas stream overhead the slurry in a Fischer-Tropsch slurry bubble column reactor. The gas phase at the top of the slurry bubble column reactor containing small amounts of entrained liquid and catalyst particles. The unreacted gases are passed through a demister, which removes larger droplets and catalyst particles. Smaller droplets and catalyst fines are conveyed to a secondary gas cleaner, such as a cyclone, whereby substantially all remaining particles are removed from the gas phase. A particle-containing liquid produced in the secondary gas cleaner can be further subjected to a filtrate cleaning unit to filter out fine catalyst particles and produce a substantially particle-free liquid product stream and a slurry stream of liquid product containing catalyst particles.

Abstract: A system and process for removing catalyst fines from a gas stream overhead the slurry in a Fischer-Tropsch slurry bubble column reactor. The gas phase at the top of the slurry bubble column reactor containing small amounts of entrained liquid and catalyst particles. The unreacted gases are passed through a demister, which removes larger droplets and catalyst particles. Smaller droplets and catalyst fines are conveyed to a secondary gas cleaner, such as a cyclone, whereby substantially all remaining particles are removed from the gas phase. A particle-containing liquid produced in the secondary gas cleaner can be further subjected to a filtrate cleaning unit to filter out fine catalyst particles and produce a substantially particle-free liquid product stream and a slurry stream of liquid product containing catalyst particles.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a biogasoline component comprising: (I) obtaining at least one biooil and, if necessary, liquefying the biooil component; (II) adding the bio-oil in liquid form to a FCC unit along with at least one mineral oil; (III) cracking the components added to the FCC unit to form at least a bio-LPG fraction and a bio-naphtha fraction; (IV) alkylating or catalytically polymerising at least part of the bio-LPG fraction; and (V) combining at least a part of the product of step (IV) with at least a part of the bio-naphtha fraction to form a bio-gasoline component.

Abstract: A process for cracking C4+ hydrocarbons comprising heating the hydrocarbons at a temperature of 400-800° C. in the presence of an H-ZSM-5 catalyst having a silicon to aluminium ratio of 61-1000.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a composition for reducing the sulphur content in a hydrocarbon composition, wherein the composition comprises a hydrotalcite material, which has been impregnated with a Lewis acid, and optionally a FCC-catalyst. The hydrotalcite material impregnated with the Lewis acid has been added as a separate component, or incorporated in the matrix of the FCC-catalyst. The Lewis acid is selected from the group comprising elements and compounds of the transition metals, and preferably Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe and Mn, most preferably Zn. Further, the Lewis acid may also be selected from the group comprising elements and compounds of the lanthanides and actinides. The present invention also comprises a method for reducing the sulphur content in a hydrocarbon composition. A method for reducing the sulphur content in a hydrocarbon composition, which is to be cracked, is also described.

Abstract: A method of conducting a continuous multi-phase catalytic reaction such as the conversion of syngas to higher hydrocarbon fuels. Gaseous reactants are introduced via a gas permeable plate into a slurry which includes the product and a finely divided catalyst. The liquid product is separated from the remainder of the slurry by means of a filter unit including a filter member. A pressure differential is established across the filter member by means of a constant level device within the filter unit which maintains a level of filtrate within the filter unit below the level of the slurry. The slurry is maintained in a constant state of agitation by the introduction of the gaseous components as a steam of bubbles. Fluctuations in the pressure differential across the filter member prevent the filter member from clogging, and the gas space is above the filtrate and the slurry are in communication.

Abstract: A multi phase catalytic reactor in which a liquid product is separated from a slurry phase containing a finely divided solid catalyst in a liquid medium. The apparatus includes a vessel which contains a number of vertical reaction tubes, arranged to accommodate the slurry phase. Each tube has a filter member in contact with the slurry phase within the tube. The filter members thus define a filtrate zone which is separated from the slurry phase. Gaseous reactants are introduced into the slurry phase within the tubes and a heat exchange medium is circulated around the outside of the tubes.

Abstract: A method of conducting a continuous multi-phase catalytic reaction such as the conversion of syngas to higher hydrocarbon fuels. Gaseous reactants are introduced via a gas permeable plate into a slurry which includes the product and a finely divided catalyst. The liquid product is separated from the remainder of the slurry by means of a filter unit including a filter member. A pressure differential is established across the filter member by means of a constant level device within the filter unit which maintains a level of filtrate within the filter unit below the level of the slurry. The slurry is maintained in a constant state of agitation by the introduction of the gaseous components as a steam of bubbles. Fluctuations in the pressure differential across the filter member prevent the filter member from clogging, and the gas space is above the filtrate and the slurry are in communication.

Abstract: A reactor for conducting a continuous multi-phase catalytic reaction such as the conversion of syngas to higher hydrocarbon fuels. Gaseous reactants are introduced via a gas-permeable plate into a slurry which includes the product and a finely divided catalyst. The liquid product is separated from the remainder of the slurry by means of a filter unit including a filter member. A pressure differential is established across the filter member by means of a constant level device within the filter unit which maintains a level of filtrate within the filter unit below the level of the slurry. The slurry is maintained in a constant state of agitation by the introduction of the gaseous components as a steam of bubbles. Fluctuations in the pressure differential across the filter member prevent the filter member from clogging and the gas spaces above the filtrate and the slurry are in communication.