Abstract: The behavior of an MS and Serving BS is clarified in a situation where a handover message, such as a handover request message or an indication message, is lost. By setting a timer and an acknowledgement of the handover message, a handover control process is capable of detecting the loss of the handover message. When the loss is detected, the MS or the Serving BS can resend the lost message or perform some repairing steps to avoid asynchronous states of the MS and the Serving BS.

Abstract: A method for performing DMA transfers with dynamic descriptor structure. A processor first creates a new chain of descriptors each including an end-of-chain (EOC) entry set to a false value except a dummy descriptor at the end of the new chain having the EOC entry set to a true value. The new descriptor chain can be appended to a previous descriptor chain, if any, by transferring parameters and a link pointer of the first descriptor within the new descriptor chain to a dummy descriptor of the previous descriptor chain. Then the processor changes the EOC entry of the dummy descriptor within the previous chain from the true value to the false value. Therefore, a DMA controller is able to transfer data in accordance with the new descriptor and also the previous one.

Abstract: A non-coherent frequency shift keying (FSK) demodulator, for receiving a N-ary FSK modulated input signal, demodulating the signal to obtain output data, in which the N-ary FSK modulation has N symbols, and the output data is constructed by a plurality of symbol intervals. The demodulator includes an A/D converter for converting the input signal in digital form, in which, for the A/D converter sampling, a sampling number M of every symbol interval satisfies an equation M.gtoreq.2K+1, wherein K is the interval number of a carrier of the input signal in each symbol interval. N filter arrays each respectively receive the input signals in digital form, and each one of the N filter arrays has a filtering frequency band, respectively, corresponding to spectrums of N symbols in N-ary FSK modulation. N downsamplers each receive the input signal from the corresponding filter array and reduce the sampling number of the input signal to make each symbol interval include only one sample value.