Abstract: A rechargeable battery has a metal anode with a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) surface layer, a cathode with a halogen species integrated in a porous carbon material, an electrolyte with an organic solvent and a salt that is in contact with the anode and the cathode, and an oxidizing gas in contact with the electrolyte. The SEI layer has the composition M?B?C?N?F?X?O?, where M is a metal, B is boron, C is carbon, N is nitrogen, F is fluorine, X is a non-fluorine halogen species, and O is oxygen; ? is a number in the range of 0.2-0.4, ? is a number in the range of 0.0-0.1, ? is a number in the range of 0.15-0.25, ? is a number in the range of 0.0-0.02, ? is a number in the range of 0.0-0.1, ? is a number in the range of 0.005-0.02, ? is a number in the range of 0.40-0.60, and ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, and ? are selected such that the sum of ?+?+?+?+?+?+?=1.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery is disclosed. The rechargeable battery includes an anode, a cathode including a lithium-ion intercalation host, and an electrolyte including a solvent and a halogen-containing compounding that functions as an active cathode conversion material, wherein the electrolyte is in contact with the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: The present disclosure is to provide a nonaqueous electrolytic solution for a nonaqueous electrolytic solution battery in which even if the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is applied to a positive electrode having a content of nickel of 30% by mass to 100% by mass in a metal contained in a positive electrode active material, an effect of improving output characteristics after cycle and an effect of reducing a deposition amount of a negative electrode current collector metal on a surface of a negative electrode after initial charging and discharging can be exerted in a well-balanced manner.

Abstract: A rechargeable metal halide battery with an optimized active cathode electrolyte solution has high energy density and does not require charging following fabrication. The optimized active cathode electrolyte solution includes (i) a mixture of a metal halide and its corresponding halogen dissolved in an organic solvent at a concentration ratio greater than 0.5 and (ii) an oxidizing gas. The organic solvent is a nitrile-based compound and/or a heterocyclic compound. Glyme may be added to the organic solvent to improve battery performance.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorine-containing polymer which has no perfluoroalkyl group of 4 or more carbon atoms and which, when formed together with a photoacid generator into a film, shows water repellency after film formation, but becomes hydrophilic by the action of an acid generated under light irradiation, and thus serves as a pattern forming material capable of forming a film with high sensitivity and resolution. A fluorine-containing polymer according to the present invention has a repeating unit of the formula (1) where R1 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a C1-C10 alkyl group; R2 to R5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10 alkyl group; X is a single bond or a divalent group; Y is a C1-C3 fluoroalkyl or carboxylate (—COOR) group; R is a C1-C3 fluoroalkyl group; and seven or less of hydrogen atoms contained in the substituent group may be substituted with fluorine.

Abstract: A rechargeable metal halide battery with an optimized active cathode electrolyte solution has high energy density and does not require charging following fabrication. The optimized active cathode electrolyte solution includes (i) a mixture of a metal halide and its corresponding halogen dissolved in an organic solvent at a concentration ratio greater than 0.5 and (ii) an oxidizing gas. The organic solvent is a nitrile-based compound and/or a heterocyclic compound. Glyme may be added to the organic solvent to improve battery performance.

Abstract: A rechargeable metal halide battery with an optimized electrolyte formulation shows high capacity at fast charging rates. The optimized electrolyte includes a metal halide, an oxidizing gas, and a mixed-solvent solution that includes a glyme-based compound that is in a volume fraction of between 20-70 volume % of the mixed-solvent solution. The mixed-solvent solution may further include a nitrile compound and/or a heterocyclic compound.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorine-containing polymer which has no perfluoroalkyl group of 4 or more carbon atoms and which, when formed together with a photoacid generator into a film, shows water repellency after film formation, but becomes hydrophilic by the action of an acid generated under light irradiation, and thus serves as a pattern forming material capable of forming a film with high sensitivity and resolution. A fluorine-containing polymer according to the present invention has a repeating unit of the formula (1) where R1 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a C1-C10 alkyl group; R2 to R5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10 alkyl group; X is a single bond or a divalent group; Y is a C1-C3 fluoroalkyl or carboxylate (—COOR) group; R is a C1-C3 fluoroalkyl group; and seven or less of hydrogen atoms contained in the substituent group may be substituted with fluorine.