Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus includes: a photoconductor; and two developing rollers facing the photoconductor. A developer fed out from between the two developing rollers is supplied to the photoconductor by the two developing rollers to form a toner image on the photoconductor. The developer includes a carrier having a volume-average particle size smaller than 70 ?m and a volume resistivity not lower than 106 ?·cm. A volume ratio of the carrier in a facing portion between the photoconductor and the developing rollers is not lower than 30% and not higher than 46%.

Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus includes: a photoconductor; and two developing rollers facing the photoconductor. A developer fed out from between the two developing rollers is supplied to the photoconductor by the two developing rollers to form a toner image on the photoconductor. The developer includes a carrier having a volume-average particle size smaller than 70 ?m and a volume resistivity not lower than 106 ?·cm. A volume ratio of the carrier in a facing portion between the photoconductor and the developing rollers is not lower than 30% and not higher than 46%.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrostatic charge image developing toner containing a fixing resin and a wax, characterized in that in a DSC curve measured by a differential scanning calorimeter for the wax, a maximum endothermic peak of endothermic peaks at temperature up is less than 70° C., on-set temperature attributable to the maximum endothermic peak is above 50° C., and lowest on-set temperature of on-set temperatures attributable to endothermic peaks except the maximum endothermic peak is in a range of from 30° C. to 40° C.

Abstract: In an image forming method, when viewed from the moving direction of a photosensitive body 1, there is disposed, on the upstream side, a first developing roller 61 opposed to and adjacent to the photosensitive body 1 and rotatable in the opposite direction to the photosensitive body 1, while the peripheral speed ratio of the roller 61 to the photosensitive body 1 ranges from 0.8 to 2.0; on the downstream side of the roller 61, there is disposed a second developing roller 62 rotatable in the same direction to the photosensitive body 1, while the peripheral speed ratio of the roller 62 to the photosensitive body 1 ranges from 1.05 to 2.0; and the shape coefficient SF1 of the toners of two-component developing agent ranges from 120 to 170, while the shape coefficient SF2 ranges from 110 to 130.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner containing: a fixing resin, a colorant, and wax. The wax at least contains hydrocarbon wax having a number-average molecular weight of not higher than 600, and polyethylene wax having a number-average molecular weight of not higher than 600, a melting viscosity of lower than 15 mPa·s at 140° C. and a crystallinity of lower than 95%. A ratio of the hydrocarbon wax to the polyethylene wax is in a range of from 1:10 to 2:1. A maximum of absorption peaks in a heat-up time absorption calorie curve in a DSC curve of the toner measured by a differential scanning calorimeter is at a temperature not higher than 75° C. An onset temperature in absorption of heat is not higher than 65° C.

Abstract: A transfer member transporting section is disposed so as to bring a tip end of a transfer member into contact with a peripheral face of a transfer rotary member before the tip end of the transfer member enters a nip area. A bias power supply has a polarity inverting function of, during a period from a timing when the tip end of the transfer member is brought into contact with the transfer rotary member by the transfer member transporting section, to that when the tip end of the transfer member enters the nip area, applying a voltage of a polarity which is identical with that of a toner, to the transfer rotary member, and after the tip end of the transfer member enters the nip area, applying a voltage of a polarity which is opposite to that of the toner, to the transfer rotary member.

Abstract: A developing unit in an electro-photographic apparatus such as a printer, a facsimile and a copier for actualizing an image employing colored particles such as toner, and more particularly to a developing unit for forming a toner image on the surface of a photosensitive body. The developing unit includes a plurality of developing rollers each having a core and a sleeve. The sleeve accommodates the core. The plurality of developing rollers include a first developing roller and a second developing roller. The sleeve for the first developing roller is rotated to move in the same direction as a moving direction of the surface of the photosensitive body. The sleeve for the second developing roller is rotated to move in an opposite direction to the moving direction of the surface of the photosensitive body. The core of only one of the plurality of developing rollers is driven in rotation while the other core is fixed.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrostatic charge image developing toner containing a fixing resin and a wax, characterized in that in a DSC curve measured by a differential scanning calorimeter for the wax, a maximum endothermic peak of endothermic peaks at temperature up is less than 70° C., on-set temperature attributable to the maximum endothermic peak is above 50° C., and lowest on-set temperature of on-set temperatures attributable to endothermic peaks except the maximum endothermic peak is in a range of from 30° C. to 40° C.

Abstract: Electrostatic image developing toner includes fixing resin; and wax. The wax is hydrocarbon-based wax. The wax is containing, as its constitutional components, first wax and second wax. The first wax is higher than 1.5 in ratio of weight average molecular weight (Mw) to number average molecular weight (Mn), lower than 10 mPa·s in melt viscosity at 140° C. and higher than 75% and not higher than 85% in degree of crystallinity. The second wax is not higher than 1.5 in ratio of weight average molecular weight (Mw) to number average molecular weight (Mn), lower than 10 mPa·s in melt viscosity at 140° C. and higher than 85% and not higher than 95% in degree of crystallinity.

Abstract: In an electrostatic charge image developing toner containing at least a fixing resin and a wax, assume that the wax is used as one type wax or a mixed system of K types (K is an integer in excess of 2) waxes, Tn (°C.) is an onset temperature of an absorbed heat quantity curve of a wax constitutive component N in a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and Wn (wt %) is a compound rate occupied in an overall wax, the toner that satisfies predetermined relationships among them is obtained.

Abstract: In an electrostatic charge image developing toner that contains a hydrocarbon wax whose crystallinity is less than 93%, an amount of maximum change in a quantity of charge of the toner is smaller than 20 &mgr;C/g and an amount of contamination of a carrier by the toner is less than 0.4 wt % when a developer which is formed by mixing the toner into the carrier is stirred for 24 hours at an atmospheric temperature that is lower than a glass transition point of the toner and is higher than 45 ° C.

Abstract: A transfer member transporting section is disposed so as to bring a tip end of a transfer member into contact with a peripheral face of a transfer rotary member before the tip end of the transfer member enters a nip area. A bias power supply has a polarity inverting function of, during a period from a timing when the tip end of the transfer member is brought into contact with the transfer rotary member by the transfer member transporting section, to that when the tip end of the transfer member enters the nip area, applying a voltage of a polarity which is identical with that of a toner, to the transfer rotary member, and after the tip end of the transfer member enters the nip area, applying a voltage of a polarity which is opposite to that of the toner, to the transfer rotary member.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner containing: a fixing resin, a colorant, and wax. The wax at least contains hydrocarbon wax having a number-average molecular weight of not higher than 600, and polyethylene wax having a number-average molecular weight of not higher than 600, a melting viscosity of lower than 15 mPa·s at 140° C. and a crystallinity of lower than 95%. A ratio of the hydrocarbon wax to the polyethylene wax is in a range of from 1:10 to 2:1. A maximum of absorption peaks in a heat-up time absorption calorie curve in a DSC curve of the toner measured by a differential scanning calorimeter is at a temperature not higher than 75° C. An onset temperature in absorption of heat is not higher than 65° C.

Abstract: Electrostatic charge developing toner contains at least fixing resin, a coloring agent and wax. Wax having number average molecular weight of not higher than 600 is contained as a component of the wax. A volume average particle size of the toner is in a range of from 5 &mgr;m to 10 &mgr;m. Toner particles each having a particle size of not larger than 4 &mgr;m are contained by 10% or lower by number of the total number of toner particles.

Abstract: A developing unit in an electro-photographic apparatus such as a printer, a facsimile and a copier for actualizing an image employing colored particles such as toner, and more particularly to a developing unit for forming a toner image on the surface of a photosensitive body. The developing unit includes a plurality of developing rollers each having a core and a sleeve. The sleeve accommodates the core. The plurality of developing rollers include a first developing roller and a second developing roller. The sleeve for the first developing roller is rotated to move in the same direction as a moving direction of the surface of the photosensitive body. The sleeve for the second developing roller is rotated to move in an opposite direction to the moving direction of the surface of the photosensitive body. The core for at least one of the plurality of developing rollers is driven in rotation.

Abstract: Electrostatic image developing toner includes fixing resin; and wax. The wax is hydrocarbon-based wax. The wax is containing, as its constitutional components, first wax and second wax. The first wax is higher than 1.5 in ratio of weight average molecular weight (Mw) to number average molecular weight (Mn), lower than 10 mPa·s in melt viscosity at 140° C. and higher than 75% and not higher than 85% in degree of crystallinity. The second wax is not higher than 1.5 in ratio of weight average molecular weight (Mw) to number average molecular weight (Mn), lower than 10 mPa·s in melt viscosity at 140° C. and higher than 85% and not higher than 95% in degree of crystallinity.

Abstract: Electrostatic charge developing toner contains at least fixing resin, a coloring agent and wax. Wax having number average molecular weight of not higher than 600 is contained as a component of the wax. A volume average particle size of the toner is in a range of from 5 &mgr;m to 10 &mgr;m. Toner particles each having a particle size of not larger than 4 &mgr;m are contained by 10% or lower by number of the total number of toner particles.

Abstract: In an image forming method, when viewed from the moving direction of a photosensitive body 1, there is disposed, on the upstream side, a first developing roller 61 opposed to and adjacent to the photosensitive body 1 and rotatable in the opposite direction to the photosensitive body 1, while the peripheral speed ratio of the roller 61 to the photosensitive body 1 ranges from 0.8 to 2.0; on the downstream side of the roller 61, there is disposed a second developing roller 62 rotatable in the same direction to the photosensitive body 1, while the peripheral speed ratio of the roller 62 to the photosensitive body 1 ranges from 1.05 to 2.0; and the shape coefficient SF1 of the toners of two-component developing agent ranges from 120 to 170, while the shape coefficient SF2 ranges from 110 to 130.

Abstract: Toner for developing an electrostatic charge image comprises: polyethylene wax having a value (Mw/Mn) of weight average molecular weight/number average molecular weight which is larger than 1.5, melt viscosity lower than 10 mPa•s at 140° C., and degree of crystallinity lower than 90%.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording apparatus including: an image carrier including an organic photoconductive photoreceptor having an abrasion-resisting outermost periphery; an exposing unit which exposes the image carrier to form an electrostatic latent image thereon; a developing unit which contains a toner and develops the electrostatic latent image with the toner to form a toner image; a transferring unit which transfers the toner image thus formed onto a recording medium; and a fixing unit which fixes the transferred toner image on said recording medium, wherein the toner contained in said developing unit includes an electrically conductive fine powder attached to the surface thereof.