Abstract: A local polishing system comprises: a particle estimation unit (30) for estimating the film thickness distribution of a wafer; a local polishing region setting unit (11) for setting a local polishing region on the wafer based on the film thickness distribution; a polishing head selection unit (12) for selecting a polishing head based on the size of the local polishing region; a model storage (20) holding a recipe generating model that defines the relation between an input node and an output node, the input node being an attribute of the local polishing region, the output node comprising a recipe for a polishing process; a polishing recipe generator (13) that puts an attribute of the local polishing region set by the local polishing region setting unit (11) into the input node of the recipe generating model and determines a polishing recipe for polishing the local polishing region; and a polishing recipe transmitter (15) for transmitting data of the polishing recipe to a local polishing module (200) that perfo

Abstract: A local polishing system comprises: a particle estimation unit (30) for estimating the film thickness distribution of a wafer; a local polishing region setting unit (11) for setting a local polishing region on the wafer based on the film thickness distribution; a polishing head selection unit (12) for selecting a polishing head based on the size of the local polishing region; a model storage (20) holding a recipe generating model that defines the relation between an input node and an output node, the input node being an attribute of the local polishing region, the output node comprising a recipe for a polishing process; a polishing recipe generator (13) that puts an attribute of the local polishing region set by the local polishing region setting unit (11) into the input node of the recipe generating model and determines a polishing recipe for polishing the local polishing region; and a polishing recipe transmitter (15) for transmitting data of the polishing recipe to a local polishing module (200) that perfo

Abstract: An apparatus and process for production of a liquid containing fuel that avoid the need to add any extra surfactant and also the need to apply ultrasonic wave energy and attain high stability of minute bubbles, etc. Production apparatus for a liquid containing fuel comprises pump for pressurizing a stored fuel and nanobubble generating unit adapted to inject a liquid containing the pressurized fuel. The apparatus may be equipped with homogenizing means for storing the liquid containing fuel. The process for production of a liquid containing fuel is characterized by sequentially performing storing of a liquid containing fuel in storage means, pressurizing the liquid so as to obtain a high-pressure liquid with a given pressure, injecting the same through a nozzle into a matrix of liquid containing fuel and effecting collision thereof with a wall so that nanobubbles of foreign substance are dispersed in the matrix of liquid containing fuel.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for production of a liquid containing fuel that avoid the need to add any extra surfactant and also the need to apply ultrasonic wave energy and attain high stability of minute bubbles, etc. Production apparatus for a liquid containing fuel comprises pump for pressurizing a stored fuel and nanobubble generating unit adapted to inject a liquid containing the pressurized fuel. The apparatus may be equipped with homogenizing means for storing the liquid containing fuel. The process for production of a liquid containing fuel is characterized by sequentially performing storing of a liquid containing fuel in storage means, pressurizing the liquid so as to obtain a high-pressure liquid with a given pressure, injecting the same through a nozzle into a matrix of liquid containing fuel and effecting collision thereof with a wall so that nanobubbles of foreign substance are dispersed in the matrix of liquid containing fuel.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for production of a liquid containing fuel that avoid the need to add any extra surfactant and also the need to apply ultrasonic wave energy and attain high stability of minute bubbles, etc. Production apparatus for a liquid containing fuel comprises pump for pressurizing a stored fuel and nanobubble generating unit adapted to inject a liquid containing the pressurized fuel. The apparatus may be equipped with homogenizing means for storing the liquid containing fuel. The process for production of a liquid containing fuel is characterized by sequentially performing storing of a liquid containing fuel in storage means, pressurizing the liquid so as to obtain a high-pressure liquid with a given pressure, injecting the same through a nozzle into a matrix of liquid containing fuel and effecting collision thereof with a wall so that nanobubbles of foreign substance are dispersed in the matrix of liquid containing fuel.

Abstract: A quartz glass which would not become a source for the contamination even if it contains metallic impurities. This quartz glass includes a region where a concentration of E′ center as measured by means of an. electron spin resonance analysis is 3×1019 cm−3 or more. This quartz glass can be manufactured by a method including the steps of forming an initial quartz glass by melting and quenching a raw material for quartz glass, and implanting therein an ion, which is capable of entering into an SiO2 network of the initial quartz glass and substantially incapable of externally diffusing, to increase a concentration of E′ center in at least part of the initial quartz glass. This quartz glass can be manufactured by a method making use of a quartz glass raw material containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of-silicon, by a method of irradiating ultraviolet ray to the initial quartz glass, or by a method of giving an abrasion damage to the surface of the initial quartz glass by means of sand blast.

Abstract: A quartz glass which would not become a source for the contamination even if it contains metallic impurities. This quartz glass includes a region where a concentration of E′ center as measured by means of an electron spin resonance analysis is 3×1019 cm−3 or more. This quartz glass can be manufactured by a method including the steps of forming an initial quartz glass by melting and quenching a raw material for quartz glass, and implanting therein an ion, which is capable of entering into an SiO2 network of the initial quartz glass and substantially incapable of externally diffusing, to increase a concentration of E′ center in at least part of the initial quartz glass. This quartz glass can be manufactured by a method making use of a quartz glass raw material containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of silicon, by a method of irradiating ultraviolet ray to the initial quartz glass, or by a method of giving an abrasion damage to the surface of the initial quartz glass by means of sand blast.

Abstract: A quartz glass which would not become a source for the contamination even if it contains metallic impurities. This quartz glass includes a region where a concentration of E′ center as measured by means of an electron spin resonance analysis is 3×1019 cm−3 or more. This quartz glass can be manufactured by a method including the steps of forming an initial quartz glass by melting and quenching a raw material for quartz glass, and implanting therein an ion, which is capable of entering into an SiO2 network of the initial quartz glass and substantially incapable of externally diffusing, to increase a concentration of E′ center in at least part of the initial quartz glass. This quartz glass can be manufactured by a method making use of a quartz glass raw material containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of silicon, by a method of irradiating ultraviolet ray to the initial quartz glass, or by a method of giving an abrasion damage to the surface of the initial quartz glass by means of sand blast.

Abstract: A quartz glass which would not become a source for the contamination even if it contains metallic impurities. This quartz glass includes a region where a concentration of E' center as measured by means of an electron spin resonance analysis is 3.times.10.sup.19 cm.sup.-3 or more. This quartz glass can be manufactured by a method including the steps of forming an initial quartz glass by melting and quenching a raw material for quartz glass, and implanting therein an ion, which is capable of entering into an SiO.sub.2 network of the initial quartz glass and substantially incapable of externally diffusing, to increase a concentration of E' center in at least part of the initial quartz glass. This quartz glass can be manufactured by a method making use of a quartz glass raw material containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of silicon, by a method of irradiating ultraviolet ray to the initial quartz glass, or by a method of giving an abrasion damage to the surface of the initial quartz glass by means of sand blast.

Abstract: A tape-guide for a magnetic tape is formed by an injection molding process of a mixture material containing 60 to 89% by weight of an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyolefin base resin, having a molecular weight of 800,000, and 4 to 25% by weight of an inorganic additive. The tape guide has an at least partially cylindrical outer surface and an axial end portion, with at least one recess in the end portion. A burr formed by the injection molding hole is located within the recess.

Abstract: A semi-cylindrical tape-guide for a magnetic tape is formed by an injection molding process of a mixture material containing 60 to 89% by weight of an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyorefin base resin, having a molecular weight of 800,000, and 4 to 25% by weight of an inorganic additive.

Abstract: A digital image recording and reproducing apparatus includes a serial-to-parallel converter connected between an image memory and a data memory, for converting serial image data from the image memory into parallel image data, and a parallel-to-serial converter connected between the image memory and the data memory, for converting parallel image data from the data memory into serial image data. The serial-to-parallel converter is operated when the image data are to be transferred from the image memory to the data memory, and the parallel-to-serial converter is operated when the image data are to be transferred from the data memory to the image memory. Since the data can be transferred from the data memory to the image memory with a minimum number of bits required to allow displayed images to be recognized, the time required to reproduce images is shortened, and hence the image retrieval time is also shortened.

Abstract: A still image signal reproducing apparatus repeatedly reads still image data recorded in an image data recording medium such as an optical disk to successively generate still image signals represented by the data, and still images indicated by the still image signals are successively displayed at high speed on a television picture monitor so that the user can browse the displayed still images for retrieval of a desired still image. When the desired still image is recognized, the user instructs the apparatus to stop the retrieval process. Then, the apparatus automatically displays a previous still image which is a preset number of still images in advance of the presently displayed still image, so that the desired image can quickly be retrieved regardless of the response time of the user.

Abstract: In a finally recorded sector detecting system suitable for a write-once type optical disc device, an error correction code or error detection code provided for each index sector is utilized to detect a state of errors occurring in reproduced index signals, and a finally recorded index sector is determined from the state of errors thus detected.

Abstract: Multi-scene display system for simultaneously displaying a plurality of scenes on a display screen, divides each scene into a plurality of regions and stores the scenes by regions. When displaying plural scenes on the display screen, the screen is divided into a number of parts equal to the number of scenes to be displayed and only the central regions of each scene displayed in a respective part of the display screen.

Abstract: An initial state setting system in a still picture recording and reproduction device in which a video signal is read from a disk and written into a memory and then repeatedly read from the memory for still picture display. When power is first applied to the device characterizing information recorded on the disk is immediately read into the memory.

Abstract: A system for positioning a pick-up head of a disk player at a predetermined point having an address determining circuit to determine the position of the pick-up head. A calculating circuit determines the distance to a target position on the basis of the address detected. A controller provides a move output signal to displace the pick-up head at high speed to the target position. The address (location) of the head is again determined and a second move operation performed to plan the pick-up within a predetermined range so that a search for the target address can be performed.

Abstract: A head system for a disk on which address data are recorded on the disk. A head is first driven to an intended track and an attempt is made to read the address. If the address is not successfully read in a predetermined time, corresponding to the tracing of predetermined number of tracks, the head is driven in one radial direction and address reading is again attempted for the predetermined time. If again the address reading is unsuccessful, the head is driven in the opposite radial direction. The alternating head movement is continued until an address is successfully read.

Abstract: A linear tracking arm assembly for linearly tracking a recording medium in response to manual or automatic lead-in and return indications, which includes a linearly movable conveyer means carrying thereon a pick-up arm. The linearly movable conveyer means is driven by an electro-magnetic linear motor. An electric brake means is provided on the conveyer means, for applying a suitable brake to the electro-magnetic linear motor in accordance with a speed of the conveyer means.