Abstract: A chip carrier has an electrically insulating substrate with through holes and a multilayer structure formed on the substrate. The multilayer structure includes an electrical conductor pattern for electrical connection with through hole conductors provided in the through holes and for electrical connection with an IC chip. The through hole conductors have their ends protruding from one surface of the substrate on which registration layers are formed for electrically interconnecting the through hole conductors and the electrical conductor pattern in the multilayer structure. The surface of the protruding end of each of the through hole conductors is generally continuously convexly curved and has a maximum height at or in the vicinity of its central portion with the height being measured from the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A thin plate such as a magnetic disk substrate is rotatably placed in a hole of a carrier provided between upper and lower surface plates forming a dynamic pressure producing surface in a temperature-controlled polishing liquid. When the number of revolutions of the surface plates increases, the dynamic pressure effect of the polishing agent is produced between the surface-plate surface and the substrate surface so that the substrate is polished in the non-contact state with the surface plate. The substrate surface is polished by fine free abrasive grains in the polishing liquid flowing between the surface plate and the substrate to provide a high plane degree to which surface precision of the surface plate is transferred. The present invention makes employs a float polishing, and is particularly suit to surface polishing of a thin plate such as a magnetic disk substrate which resets a residual processed strain. A magnetic disk having an excellent surface state can be realized.

Abstract: A drying apparatus includes a drum rotatably arranged in an outer box and housing therein materials to be dried. An air supply device supplies heated air into the drum, and a heat exchanger cools air discharged from the drum by means of air taken from outside of the outer box to remove moisture from air discharged. The heat exchanger is formed by piling plural plates with plural pairs of first and second closing plates interposed therebetween and is provided with plural first and second passages which are arranged alternately and perpendicularly to each other. The heat exchanger is so arranged that the first passages are slanted inward the outer box by 45 degrees relative to the vertical direction.

Abstract: An automatic polishing apparatus having in combination, a polishing machine for effecting the polishing and a profiling device for giving an instruction concerning the path along which the polishing is to be effected to the polishing machine. The profiling device has a tracer adapted to trace and profile a line which has been previously drawn in a drawing in accordance with the configuration of the surface to be ground, and detecting device adapted to detect the displacements of the tracer in the directions of X and Y-axes. The polishing machine includes a feeding arrangement adapted to feed one of a table carrying the article to be ground and a polishing head carrying the polishing tool relatively to the other in the directions of X and Y-axes, in accordance with signals representing the displacements in both directions of the tracer derived from the detecting device of the profiling device. The feed is made at a predetermined proportional ratio to the displacements of the tracer.

Abstract: A clothes dryer includes a rotatable drum in which articles are dried by a heated air flowing from the rear side to the front side of the drum. The heated air is introduced into the annular air passage which is formed on the front side of the drum to have a narrow lower passage and a wide upper passage. A filter is provided in a suction passage at the near portion of the narrow lower passage.