Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a glucokinase activator useful as a pharmaceutical agent such as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, obesity and the like. The present invention provides a glucokinase activator containing a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R2 is a group represented by wherein each symbol is defined in the specification, or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof.

Abstract: The present invention aims at provision of a novel compound having a GPR40 receptor function modulating action, which is useful as an insulin secretagogue, an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes and the like. The compound represented by the formula: wherein each symbol is as defined in the description, a salt thereof, and a prodrug thereof of the present invention unexpectedly have a superior GPR40 receptor agonistic activity and superior properties as pharmaceutical products such as stability and the like, and can be safe and useful pharmaceutical agents as agents for the prophylaxis or treatment of GPR40 receptor-related pathology or diseases in mammals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound having a GPR40 receptor function modulating action, which is useful as an insulin secretagogue, a drug for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes and the like. A compound represented by the formula (I) wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, a salt thereof and a prodrug thereof have unexpectedly superior GPR40 receptor agonist activity and also show superior properties as a pharmaceutical product, such as stability and the like. Thus, they can be safe and useful drugs for the prophylaxis or treatment of GPR40 receptor related conditions or diseases in mammals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound represented by the formula (I) wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, a salt thereof and a prodrug thereof having a superior GPR40 receptor function modulating action, which can be used as an insulin secretagogue, an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes and the like. They unexpectedly show superior GPR40 receptor agonist activity, and also show superior properties as a pharmaceutical product, such as stability and the like. Thus, they can be safe and useful pharmaceutical agents for the prophylaxis or treatment of GPR40 receptor related diseases in mammals.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a novel fused ring compound having a GPR40 receptor function modulating action and being useful as an insulin secretagogue or a pharmaceutical agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, more particularly, a compound represented by the formula: wherein Ar is an optionally substituted cyclic group, ring A is a ring optionally further substituted (provided that the ring is not thiazole, oxazole, imidazole and pyrazole), Xa and Xb are each independently a bond or a spacer having a main chain of 1 to 5 atom(s), Xc is O, S, SO or SO2, ring B is a 5- to 7-membered ring, Xd is a bond, CH or CH2, is a single bond when Xd is a bond or CH2, or a double bond when Xd is CH, and R1 is an optionally substituted hydroxy group, and a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides thienopyridine derivatives, which are useful as anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly as remedies for arthritis; processes for producing them, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. The thienopyridine derivatives are represented by the formula (I): wherein G is a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, an optionally substituted amino group, etc.; alk is an optionally substituted lower alkylene group; X is O, S, —(CH2)q—, etc.; R is an optionally substituted amino group, etc.; ring B is an optionally substituted Y-containing 5- to 8-membered ring whose ring constituent atoms contain no nitrogen atom; Y is O, S, a group of (wherein Ra, Rb and Rc are the same or different and, each is H, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, etc.), etc.; and ring A may be substituted.

Abstract: There is provided a calcium receptor modulator comprising a compound of the formula (I): wherein ring A is an optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered ring; ring B is an optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring; X1 is CR1, CR1R2, N or NR13; X2 is N or NR3; Y is C, CR4 or N, Z is CR5, CR5R6, N or NR7; Ar is an optionally substituted cyclic group; R is H, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, etc.; and is a single bond or a double bond; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R13 are independently H, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof. Compounds of the formula (II) and (III): wherein ring A is an optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered ring; Q is C, CR5 or N; R8, R9, R10, R11 and R12 are independently, H, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, etc., or a salt thereof are also provided. Also specify X1, R3, R1, Y and X3 in formula (II) and (III) as before.

Abstract: A method for screening a compound acting on a bone or its salt characterized by using NRH: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO2), its peptide fragment or a salt thereof; agents acting on a bone comprising compounds obtained by the above method; a method of preventing/treating human or mammalian bone diseases involving the inhibition or promotion of the expression or activity of NQO2; and diagnostics for bone diseases containing a polynucleotide encoding NQO2 or its peptide fragment or an antibody having an affinity specifically for NQO2, its peptide fragment or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides thienopyridine derivatives, which are useful as anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly as remedies for arthritis; processes for producing them, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention provides thienopyridine derivatives, which are useful as anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly as remedies for arthritis; processes for producing them, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. The thienopyridine derivatives are represented by the formula (I): wherein G is a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, an optionally substituted amino group, etc.; alk is an optionally substituted lower alkylene group; X is O, S, —(CH2)q—, etc.; R is an optionally substituted amino group, etc.; ring B is an optionally substituted Y-containing 5- to 8-membered ring whose ring constituent atoms contain no nitrogen atom; Y is O, S, a group of (wherein Ra, Rb and Rc are the same or different and, each is H, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, etc.), etc.; and ring A may be substituted.

Abstract: There is disclosed novel fused thiophene derivatives as prophylactic and therapeutic drugs for bone or articular diseases, industrially advantageous processes for production thereof, and novel production intermediates.

Abstract: The present invention provides thienopyridine derivatives, which are useful as anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly as remedies for arthritis; processes for producing them, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The invention provides chromone derivatives of the following general formula, a process for preparing such chromone derivatives and a prophylactic and therapeutic agent comprising such chromone derivatives for bone diseases and chondropathy: wherein the ring A is an optionally substituted benzene ring; R1 is an optionally substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group; R2 is a hydrogen atom or hydrocarbon group; R3 is a hydrogen atom, hydrocarbon group or halogen; n is an integer of 0-3; or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of the formula: wherein the ring A is an optionally substituted benzene ring; R1 is an optionally substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group; R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; n is an integer of 0-3; or salts thereof, which are useful as medicines having an osteogenesis promoting effect and chondrogensis promoting effect. The present invention relates to an amine compound having an excellent effect of inhibiting production and/or secretion of amyloid-b protein, a production and use thereof. Especially, it is effective for preventing and/or treating, for example, neurodegenerative diseases, amyloid angiopathy, neurological disorders caused by cerebrovascular disorders, and so forth.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: wherein X represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; Y represents an optionally oxidized sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; Z represents a bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group; R1 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; R2 represents an optionally amidated or esterified carboxyl group; ring A represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5-membered heterocyclic ring; or a salt thereof. A compound of the above formula possesses cell differentiation inducing factor action-enhancing activity and anti-matrix metalloprotease activity and that is useful in the prevention and treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis, bone fractures, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, arteriosclerosis, cancer metastasis, and diseases based on nerve degeneration.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of the formula: 1

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: wherein X represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; Y represents an optionally oxidized sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; Z represents a bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group; R1 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; R2 represents an optionally amidated or esterified carboxyl group; ring A represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5-membered heterocyclic ring; or a salt thereof. A compound of the above formula possesses cell differentiation inducing factor action-enhancing activity and anti-matrix metalloprotease activity and that is useful in the prevention and treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis, bone fractures, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, arteriosclerosis, cancer metastasis, and diseases based on nerve degeneration.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: 1

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of the formula: wherein the ring A is an optionally substituted benzene ring; R1 is an optionally substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group; R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; n is an integer of 0-3; or salts thereof, which are useful as medicines having an osteogenesis promoting effect and chondrogensis promoting effect. The present invention relates to an amine compound having an excellent effect of inhibiting production and/or secretion of amyloid-b protein, a production and use thereof. Especially, it is effective for preventing and/or treating, for example, neurodegenerative diseases, amyloid angiopathy, neurological disorders caused by cerebrovascular disorders, and so forth.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: wherein X represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; Y represents an optionally oxidized sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; Z represents a bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group; R1 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; R2 represents an optionally amidated or esterified carboxyl group; ring A represents an optionally substituted aromatic 5-membered heterocyclic ring; or a salt thereof. A compound of the above formula possesses cell differentiation inducing factor action-enhancing activity and anti-matrix metalloprotease activity and that is useful in the prevention and treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis, bone fractures, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, arteriosclerosis, cancer metastasis, and diseases based on nerve degeneration.