Abstract: An element damage determination unit calculates a cumulative value of a damage value using a Manson-Coffin law for a plurality of finite elements of a continuum based on a result of a stress/distortion analyzing process, and determines whether or not the cumulative value of the damage value is equal to or exceeds a threshold. A calculation unit obtains first correspondence information indicating the correspondence between the number of cycles of a load and a growth rate of a crack occurring in the continuum based on the determination result. A Manson-Coffin law change unit changes a Manson-Coffin law based on the first correspondence information and second correspondence information indicating the correspondence between an actual measurement value of the number of cycles of a load applied to the continuum and an actual measurement value of the growth rate of a crack occurring in the continuum at that time.

Abstract: An element damage determination unit calculates a cumulative value of a damage value using a Manson-Coffin law for a plurality of finite elements of a continuum based on a result of a stress/distortion analyzing process, and determines whether or not the cumulative value of the damage value is equal to or exceeds a threshold. A calculation unit obtains first correspondence information indicating the correspondence between the number of cycles of a load and a growth rate of a crack occurring in the continuum based on the determination result. A Manson-Coffin law change unit changes a Manson-Coffin law based on the first correspondence information and second correspondence information indicating the correspondence between an actual measurement value of the number of cycles of a load applied to the continuum and an actual measurement value of the growth rate of a crack occurring in the continuum at that time.

Abstract: When adsorbed gas is analyzed after metal, ceramics or metallic salt has been left in an environmental atmosphere for a predetermined period of time, an average concentration of specific gas over a long period of time can be accurately measured with an inexpensive small apparatus. Especially, porous metal or ceramics (transition metal oxide) are excellent in selective adsorption properties for NO.sub.x, porous ceramics (rare earth element oxide) are excellent in selective adsorption properties for CO.sub.2, and a specific chloride such as copper chloride and silver chloride is excellent in selective adsorption properties for SO.sub.2. A test kit accommodating such test pieces in a case, a protective case for the test kit to put the test kit into practical use, an umbrella and a forced air blowing unit are also disclosed.

Abstract: When adsorbed gas is analyzed after metal, ceramics or metallic salt has been left in an environmental atmosphere for a predetermined period of time, an average concentration of specific gas over a long period of time can be accurately measured with an inexpensive small apparatus. Especially, porous metal or ceramics (transition metal oxide) are excellent in selective adsorption properties for NO.sub.x, porous ceramics (rare earth element oxide) are excellent in selective adsorption properties for CO.sub.2, and a specific chloride such as copper chloride and silver chloride is excellent in selective adsorption properties for SO.sub.2. A test kit accommodating such test pieces in a case, a protective case for the test kit to put the test kit into practical use, an umbrella and a forced air blowing unit are also disclosed.

Abstract: Rubber rollers for carrying media, comprising a blend of urethane rubber and silicone rubber, and an apparatus equipped therewith. A rubber roller abrasion evaluating tester provided with means for carrying a medium to be carried while in contact with rubber rollers to be evaluated, and means for forcefully causing slippage of the carried medium by a prescribed distance on the rollers. A method of selecting a medium to be carried which has a prescribed abrasive strength, by abrading a carried medium under a constant weight using an abrading material and calculating the rate of the abrasion of the carried medium.

Abstract: There is provided a test piece by which NO.sub.x, present in an environment may be visually observed apart from the influence of other gases, and with which qualitative and quantitative analysis may be performed. The test piece has a layered structure prepared by vacuum deposition a metal thin-film (Ag, Pt, Au, etc.) on a metal substrate (Cu, Zn, etc.). The rough amounts of NO.sub.x, SO.sub.x and NH.sub.3 in the environment are determined on the basis of the corrosion products (nitrates, etc.) produced when NO.sub.x, SO.sub.x and NH.sub.3 are collected after the test piece has been exposed to the environment for a prescribed period of time.

Abstract: A magnesium-based composite material having improved mechanical strength, and in particular an improved modulus of elasticity, and a relatively low density. The material is provided by pressing and sintering a mixture of magnesium or magnesium-based alloy particles or a particulate combination of magnesium particles and particles of one or more additional metals, with a reinforcement additive of boron, or boron-coated B.sub.4 C, Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, SiC, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 or MgO particles.

Abstract: The iron-cobalt type soft magnetic material contains 35% to 60% by weight of cobalt, 0.03% to 2.0% by weight of aluminum, the remainder being iron, and is prepared by powder metallurgy.

Abstract: A process for laser welding a cover and a casing, each made of aluminum or an aluminum-based alloy, via a nickel layer plated thereon, thereby forming a package for electronic devices, the process comprising the steps of: boring holes in sides of the casing, thereby providing holes through which input/output and source terminals can be inserted and be soldered hermetically to the casing; plating a nickel layer on the surface of the casing; mounting electronic devices in the casing and forming necessary connections between the devices and the terminals; and, welding the cover and the casing together by pulsed YAG laser beam, thereby forming a weld zone containing 1.5 to 10.0% of nickel by weight, and sealing the cover and the casing hermetically.