Abstract: A display device includes a first liquid crystal panel configured to display an image to be seen by the observer, and a second liquid crystal panel laid on the first liquid crystal panel. The second liquid crystal panel includes a black matrix defining pixels, opaque gate lines disposed to be distant from one another in a first direction, and opaque data lines disposed to be distant from one another in a second direction different from the first direction. Lines of the black matrix disposed to be distant from one another in the first direction and the gate lines constitute dark lines disposed at a specified pitch in the first direction. Lines of the black matrix disposed to be distant from one another in the second direction and the data lines constitute dark lines disposed at a specified pitch in the second direction.

Abstract: A display device includes a first liquid crystal panel configured to display an image to be seen by the observer, and a second liquid crystal panel laid on the first liquid crystal panel. The second liquid crystal panel includes a black matrix defining pixels, opaque gate lines disposed to be distant from one another in a first direction, and opaque data lines disposed to be distant from one another in a second direction different from the first direction. Lines of the black matrix disposed to be distant from one another in the first direction and the gate lines constitute dark lines disposed at a specified pitch in the first direction. Lines of the black matrix disposed to be distant from one another in the second direction and the data lines constitute dark lines disposed at a specified pitch in the second direction.

Abstract: To provide an active-matrix type liquid crystal display device having a structure in which alignment of flattening films formed in the display region is uniform and fine, which can secure a large storage capacitance with a small area and achieve a high numerical aperture. A recessed region having no flattening film is formed in a part on a source electrode. In the recessed region, a common electrode made with a transparent conductive film covers a source electrode to form a second storage capacitor.

Abstract: To provide an active-matrix type liquid crystal display device having a structure in which alignment of flattening films formed in the display region is uniform and fine, which can secure a large storage capacitance with a small area and achieve a high numerical aperture. A recessed region having no flattening film is formed in a part on a source electrode. In the recessed region, a common electrode made with a transparent conductive film covers a source electrode to form a second storage capacitor.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an active matrix substrate and a counter substrate opposing each other with a gap therebetween defined by a plurality of columnar spacers. The active matrix substrate has a plurality of spacer holes each receiving therein a corresponding one of the columnar spacers, and a plurality of dummy spacer holes aligned with the spacer holes and each receiving therein no columnar spacer.

Abstract: A LCD device prevents image quality degradation caused by the gap non-uniformity in the display region with a simple measure. A TFT substrate and an opposite substrate are coupled to each other with a sealing member in such a way as to form a gap therebetween. A liquid-crystal layer is formed in the gap. Spacers are arranged in the liquid-crystal layer. The TFT substrate has a display region defined to include the pixels and a non-display region formed outside the display region. The non-display region is located between the display region and the sealing member. The spacers are located in a first part of the liquid-crystal layer corresponding to the display region while no spacer being located in a second part of the liquid-crystal layer corresponding to the non-display region. A depression for receiving extra liquid crystal may be additionally formed in the gap.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device, which uses post-like spacers for eliminating local gap irregularity generation and permitting improvement of black view non-uniform irregularities and lower part gap irregularities, is disclosed. On an array side substrate 201 opposing first group post-like spacers, for each pixel, a step film 100 is formed by adequately combining by one or more floating inorganic film layers (for instance chromium layers 41 and 43, an aluminum layer 42 and am amorphous silicon layer 31). The first gap post-like spacers 304 are each in contact with the step film 100 at all times. The inorganic step film 100 is not formed on each of parts of the array side substrate 201 corresponding to second group port-like spacers 304, respectively, thus providing a gap. The thickness of the step film 100 is preferably set to 2,000 ? to 5,000 ?.

Abstract: Outer cables disposed in a box girder in the longitudinal direction of a box girder bridge to prestress the box girder each have a transparent sheath made of a transparent polyethylene resin, vinyl chloride resin, polypropylene resin or the like, thereby allowing the grouting condition in the sheath to be inspected reliably and easily. If a colored grout is filled, the filling condition can be inspected even more reliably and easily. In addition, it is possible to readily find a portion left unfilled after the grout has hardened and to refill it for repairing by using openings for injection and ejection made at each side of the void left.

Abstract: An in-plane switching mode LCD device includes a shield common electrode having a protrusion protruding from side edges of a drain line, and a pair of light shield films sandwiching therebetween the drain line and having an overlapping portion overlapping the protrusion. The shield common electrode shields the electric field from the drain line, and the light shield films improve the contrast ratio of the LCD device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device, which uses post-like spacers for eliminating local gap irregularity generation and permitting improvement of black view non-uniform irregularities and lower part gap irregularities, is disclosed. On an array side substrate 201 opposing first group post-like spacers, for each pixel, a step film 100 is formed by adequately combining by one or more floating inorganic film layers (for instance chromium layers 41 and 43, an aluminum layer 42 and am amorphous silicon layer 31). The first gap post-like spacers 304 are each in contact with the step film 100 at all times. The inorganic step film 100 is not formed on each of parts of the array side substrate 201 corresponding to second group port-like spacers 304, respectively, thus providing a gap. The thickness of the step film 100 is preferably set to 2,000 ? to 5,000 ?.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an active matrix substrate and a counter substrate opposing each other with a gap therebetween defined by a plurality of columnar spacers. The active matrix substrate has a plurality of spacer holes each receiving therein a corresponding one of the columnar spacers, and a plurality of dummy spacer holes aligned with the spacer holes and each receiving therein no columnar spacer.

Abstract: A tensioned end of a prestressed-concrete structure is constructed easily and reliably. A grout can 5 in a tensioned end structure of a prestressed-concrete structure is made of a transparent material, particularly preferably a transparent electrically insulating material, thereby reliably performing grouting while visually observing and checking the filling condition of grout G in the grout can 5 from the outside thereof. A synthetic resin, particularly an ionomer resin, is preferably used as the transparent electrically insulating material constituting the grout can.

Abstract: A LCD device has a black matrix defining a plurality of pixel areas in the LCD device. An interconnect layer formed on a TFT panel includes a first interconnect line passing through the pixel area and a second interconnect line passing outside the pixel area. The first interconnect line is lower in a product of a thickness thereof by a surface reflectance thereof than the second interconnect line.

Abstract: A black matrix layer 14 is formed on a counter substrate 13 along the direction where a scanning line 2 extends, so that it continuously covers the upper parts of a common electrode line 3a, the scanning line 2, a space between the common electrode line 3a and the scanning line 2, a TFT 5, a space between the scanning line 2 and a common electrode line 3b, and the common electrode line 3b, and in the portion opposed to the signal line, the black matrix layer is eliminated.

Abstract: A LCD device that receives curing light sufficiently to thereby realize approximately uniform curing of the material of the sealing member without eliminating the conductive light-blocking members. A first substrate has a display area and a peripheral area located to surround the display area. The display area includes pixels arranged regularly. The peripheral area includes a sealing member, wiring lines connected to the pixels, and conductive light-blocking members. A second substrate is coupled with the first substrate. A liquid crystal layer is formed between the first and second substrates. The sealing member is formed to overlap with the wiring lines and the light-blocking members in such a way that a non-overlapping area of the sealing member with the wiring lines and the light-blocking members is equal to 25% per unit area of the sealing ember or greater.

Abstract: In the present invention, testing is performed by injecting grout (G) into a full-scale specimen comprising a cable that is fabricated at a place other than a construction site. The cable has a sheath made of a transparent material and has the same three-dimensional configuration as that of an internal cable (2°) at the construction site. Alternatively, grout (G) is injected into a partial specimen comprising a lengthwise part of the cable where an air trap is likely to occur. The testing is performed under a plurality of different testing conditions. The best grouting conditions are selected from testing results and applied to grouting actually carried out at the construction site.

Abstract: A LCD device that receives curing light sufficiently to thereby realize approximately uniform curing of the material of the sealing member without eliminating the conductive light-blocking members. A first substrate has a display area and a peripheral area located to surround the display area. The display area includes pixels arranged regularly. The peripheral area includes a sealing member, wiring lines connected to the pixels, and conductive light-blocking members. A second substrate is coupled with the first substrate. A liquid crystal layer is formed between the first and second substrates. The sealing member is formed to overlap with the wiring lines and the light-blocking members in such a way that a non-overlapping area of the sealing member with the wiring lines and the light-blocking members is equal to 25% per unit area of the sealing member or greater.

Abstract: An in-plane switching mode LCD device includes a shield common electrode having a protrusion protruding from side edges of a drain line, and a pair of light shield films sandwiching therebetween the drain line and having an overlapping portion overlapping the protrusion. The shield common electrode shields the electric field from the drain line, and the light shield films improve the contrast ratio of the LCD device.

Abstract: A cable protecting tube having high transparency and allowing the filling condition of mortar therein to be visually observed from the outside as well as exhibiting high pressure resistance is provided. A cable protecting tube for accommodating a cable and for filling with mortar includes a protecting tube (1) having smooth inner and outer surfaces formed from an ionomer resin excellent in transparency, and a spiral or mesh-shaped reinforcing member (2) for reinforcing the protecting tube. The reinforcing member (2) may be buried in the protecting tube (1). The protecting tube (1) is not limited to the smooth-walled tube but may be a spirally corrugated tube.

Abstract: A LCD device has a black matrix defining a plurality of pixel areas in the LCD device. An interconnect layer formed on a TFT panel includes a first interconnect line passing through the pixel area and a second interconnect line passing outside the pixel area. The first interconnect line is lower in a product of a thickness thereof by a surface reflectance thereof than the second interconnect line.