Abstract: An controlled LED lighting system that operates using a single conductor to power and control LED nodes is disclosed. The controlled LED lighting system modulates control data onto a nominally constant DC signal transmitted down a single conductor serial line. Nodes coupled the serial line draw power into a local capacitor and demodulate the data signal. Each node shunts the serial line when additional power is not required such that the data signal is received by every node on the serial line.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

Abstract: Data may be encoded onto a direct current power line by modulating the current on that direct current power line. One method of modulating the current is by placing an inductor on the power line and then using a controlled transistor that turns on and turns off. The inductor will ensure that current keeps flowing but the transistor will induce changes in the current pattern. The excess current from when transistor is turned off must be diverted. Furthermore, to create symmetrical current changes, the inductor should be reverse biased. Thus, a circuit is created that sinks the excess current from when the transistor is turned off and used to reverse bias the inductor.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

Abstract: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly used in illumination applications. To control multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), or any other controllable light source, this document introduces a single-wire multiple-LED power and control system. Specifically, individually controlled LED units are arranged in a series configuration that is driven by a control unit located at the head of the series. Each of the individually controlled LED units may comprise more than one LED that is also individually controllable. The head-end control unit provides both electrical power and control signals down a single wire to drive all of the LED units in the series in a manner that allows each LED unit to be controlled individually or in assigned groups.

Abstract: An optical switch is provided, which is used to switch a light path(s) between at least three lenses spaced from each other in a horizontal direction, or in horizontal and vertical directions. This optical switch comprises a lens supporting member for supporting the lenses, fixed prism optically coupled to the lenses, and a movable prism supported to be movable relative to the lens supporting member. The movable prism is driven by an actuator between a first position where a light path is formed between two of the lenses by use of the fixed prism and a second position where a light path is formed between another two of the lenses by use of the movable prism.

Abstract: The micro relay of the present invention comprises a base substrate 3, an armature block 5, and a cover 7. The base substrate 3 has a storage recess 41 for accommodating an electromagnetic device 1. The storage recess is composed of a hole 41a penetrating the base substrate 3 and a thin storage recess lid fixed on the one surface of the base substrate to close the hole. The electromagnetic device 1 is isolated from a contact mechanism by the storage recess lid 41b to increase the reliability of the contacts. The electromagnetic device 1 includes a yoke 10, a coil 11 wound around the yoke to generate a flux in response to an exciting current, and a permanent magnet 12 secured to the yoke to generate a flux flowing through an armature 51 and the yoke 10. Because the permanent magnet 12 is secured to the yoke 10, this micro relay can reduce the thickness.

Abstract: An optical switch comprises a prism for changing the direction of travel of incident light to be directed toward a further optical fiber; a switching mirror placed to be insertable and removable into and from between a lens block and the prism; and an actuator for driving the mirror, in which incident and emitting optical fibers are placed in the same facing, i.e. on one surface side, of the device body. This structure makes it possible for components to be used in common and integrated, and for the coupling surfaces between the lens block and the optical fibers to be gathered together in one place, thereby enabling cost reduction and size reduction.

Abstract: An optical switch comprises a prism for changing the direction of travel of incident light to be directed toward a further optical fiber; a switching mirror placed to be insertable and removable into and from between a lens block and the prism; and an actuator for driving the mirror, in which incident and emitting optical fibers are placed in the same facing, i.e. on one surface side, of the device body. This structure makes it possible for components to be used in common and integrated, and for the coupling surfaces between the lens block and the optical fibers to be gathered together in one place, thereby enabling cost reduction and size reduction.

Abstract: A broadband data broadcast system that allows rich multimedia content to be delivered to a plurality of subscribers is disclosed. The broadband data broadcast system operates by multiplexing a plurality of rich multimedia digital information streams together at a centralized data broadcast center. The data broadcast center then broadcasts the multiplexed digital information stream on a broadcast medium such as satellite broadcasts, radio frequency broadcasts, or digital television broadcasts. A large number of receiver systems receive the broadcast signal and demodulate the broadcast signal to retrieve the multiplexed digital stream. The receiver system extracts a subset of digital information streams that the particular receiver system's owner has designated are of interest. The receiver system caches the interesting digital information stream for later access. The receiver system outputs the interesting digital information streams to a client system upon demand.

Abstract: The micro relay of the present invention comprises a base substrate 3, an armature block 5, and a cover 7. The base substrate 3 has a storage recess 41 for accommodating an electromagnetic device 1. The storage recess is composed of a hole 41a penetrating the base substrate 3 and a thin storage recess lid fixed on the one surface of the base substrate to close the hole. The electromagnetic device 1 is isolated from a contact mechanism by the storage recess lid 41b to increase the reliability of the contacts. The electromagnetic device 1 includes a yoke 10, a coil 11 wound around the yoke to generate a flux in response to an exciting current, and a permanent magnet 12 secured to the yoke to generate a flux flowing through an armature 51 and the yoke 10. Because the permanent magnet 12 is secured to the yoke 10, this micro relay can reduce the thickness.

Abstract: This micro relay comprises a body 1, a cover 4, an armature block 3. The body 1, which is made of silicon or glass, has an electromagnetic mechanism 2. The cover 4 is also made of silicon or glass. The armature block 3 is made of silicon. The armature block 3 is composed of an armature base 30 and a frame 31. The frame 31 surrounds an entire circumference of the armature base 30 and supports the armature base 30 pivotally. The armature base 30 is cooperative with a magnetic material 32 on a surface of the armature base 30 to define an armature 300. A fixed contacts 14A, 14B, 15A, 15B and movable contacts 33A, 33B are selectively closed and opened by a pivot motion of the armature 300. And, the frame 31 is directly bonded over its entire circumference to a periphery 19 of the body 1 and to a periphery 41 of the cover 4 to define a sealed space surrounded by the frame 31 and closed between the body 1 and the cover 4 for accommodating the armature 300 and the fixed contacts and the movable contacts.

Abstract: An optical receptacle with low transmission loss, which is connectable with an optical plug, is provided. The optical receptacle includes a photoelectric conversion module having the capability of making photoelectric conversion between light signals and electrical signals, and a module housing. The photoelectric conversion module is a molded interconnect device (MID), which is provided with a module body having a post, an optical device mounted on the post, and an electrical circuit mounted on the module body. The module housing has a tubular projection, into which an end of the optical fiber supported by the optical plug can be inserted. When the optical plug is connected with an optical receptacle, the end of the optical fiber is positioned in the tubular projection so as to be in a closely opposing relation to the optical device mounted on the post.