Abstract: A light emitting device including a base, a first electrode, a barrier structure layer, a light emitting layer and a second electrode is provided. The barrier structure layer includes a first barrier layer in contact with the first electrode, a second barrier layer and a third barrier layer. The first barrier layer, the second barrier layer and the third barrier layer stack sequentially. The materials of the first barrier layer and the third barrier layer include a dielectric material. The material of the second barrier layer includes a metal material. A boundary between the third barrier layer and the second barrier layer keeps a vertical distance from the first electrode. The light emitting structure layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and surrounded by the barrier structure layer. The thickness of the light emitting structure layer is not greater than the vertical distance.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode display apparatus includes a substrate and a pixel structure disposed on the substrate. The pixel structure includes an active element, a first electrode electrically connected to the active element, a bank layer disposed on the first electrode, a light emitting layer disposed on the first electrode and an opening of the bank layer, and a second electrode disposed on the light emitting layer. The first electrode has a first region and a plurality of protrusions disposed outside the first region. The opening of the bank layer overlaps with the first region and the protrusions of the first electrode.

Abstract: A light emitting device including a base, a first electrode, a barrier structure layer, a light emitting layer and a second electrode is provided. The barrier structure layer includes a first barrier layer in contact with the first electrode, a second barrier layer and a third barrier layer. The first barrier layer, the second barrier layer and the third barrier layer stack sequentially. The materials of the first barrier layer and the third barrier layer include a dielectric material. The material of the second barrier layer includes a metal material. A boundary between the third barrier layer and the second barrier layer keeps a vertical distance from the first electrode. The light emitting structure layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and surrounded by the barrier structure layer. The thickness of the light emitting structure layer is not greater than the vertical distance.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode display apparatus includes a substrate and a pixel structure disposed on the substrate. The pixel structure includes an active element, a first electrode electrically connected to the active element, a bank layer disposed on the first electrode, a light emitting layer disposed on the first electrode and an opening of the bank layer, and a second electrode disposed on the light emitting layer. The first electrode has a first region and a plurality of protrusions disposed outside the first region. The opening of the bank layer overlaps with the first region and the protrusions of the first electrode.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an array substrate of a display is provided. The method includes forming a first bank material layer on a first substrate, wherein a material of the first bank material layer includes hydrophobic element; patterning the first bank material layer to form a first bank having at least one first concave; forming a first electrode on the first bank and in the first concave after the step of patterning the first bank material layer to form the first bank; and forming an color layer on the first electrode.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an array substrate of a display is provided. The method includes forming a first bank material layer on a first substrate, wherein a material of the first bank material layer includes hydrophobic element; patterning the first bank material layer to form a first bank having at least one first concave; forming a first electrode on the first bank and in the first concave after the step of patterning the first bank material layer to form the first bank; and forming an color layer on the first electrode.

Abstract: Packet routing via payload inspection at routers in a core of a distributed network. Packets include subjects and attributes in addition to routing information. The subjects correspond with particular types of content for subscriptions, and the attributes encapsulate the data or content. The routers store filters corresponding with subscriptions to content. Upon receiving a packet, a router inspects the payload section of the packet containing the attributes in order to retrieve the attributes and apply them to the filters for the subscriptions. If an attribute satisfies a filter, the packet is routed to the next link. If the attributes do not satisfy the filters, the router discards the packet. These routing decisions are distributed among routers in the network core. The router locally caches the data in the network core.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide for content-based routing of packets in a publish-subscribe network. A packet is received via the network. A map specifying computed filter coverage in an attribute space is accessed. Content of the packet is inspected for a routing decision for the packet. The map is used for the routing decision for the packet. The packet is routed based upon the inspected content of the packet and the map. A router for content-based routing of packets in a publish-subscribe network, comprising modules for performing this method is provided. A network including a plurality of such routers is provided. A computer-readable medium including instructions for performing this method is provided.

Abstract: Packet routing via payload inspection at routers in a core of a distributed network for use in distributing content according to quality of service guarantees. Packets contain subjects and attributes in addition to routing information. The subjects correspond with particular types of content for subscriptions, and the attributes encapsulate the data or content. The subscriptions are associated with particular quality of service guarantees or levels of service. The routers store filters corresponding with subscriptions to content. Upon receiving a packet, a router inspects the payload section of the packet containing the attributes in order to retrieve the attributes and match them to the filters for the subscriptions. If the attributes satisfies a filter, the packet is routed to the next link in accordance with the quality of service guarantee associated with that filter. If the attributes do not satisfy any of the filters injected to and stored at the router, the router discards the packet.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide for propagating filters in a publish-subscribe network. A plurality of filters relating to subscriptions to content in the network are received. A number of the filters is reduced based upon particular criteria, and the reduced number of filters are propagated for use in satisfying the subscriptions. A filter receiving module, a filter reduction module, and a filter propagation module may execute these steps.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide for persistent caching of methods delivered via a publish-subscribe network. At a first node, a message having data via the network is received. The data is time-marked. The data is cached in a cache memory at the first node. The message is routed to a second node using content-based routing. These steps are repeated at a second node. A router that includes modules for executing this method is provided. A publish-subscribe network that includes nodes that include modules for executing this method is provided. A computer-readable medium that includes instructions for executing this method is provided.

Abstract: Packet routing via payload inspection at routers in a core of a distributed network for use in distributing digital content such as video, music, and software. Packets include subjects and attributes in addition to routing information. The subjects correspond with particular types of content for subscriptions, and the attributes encapsulate the data or content, which can include video, music, or software such as software updates. The routers store filters corresponding with subscriptions to content. Upon receiving a packet, a router inspects the payload section of the packet containing the attributes in order to retrieve the attributes and apply them to the filters for the subscriptions to the digital content. If an attribute satisfies a filter, the packet is routed to the next link. If the attributes do not satisfy the filters, the router discards the packet. These routing decisions are distributed among routers in the network core.

Abstract: Packet routing via payload inspection at routers in a core of a distributed network. Packets include subjects and attributes in addition to routing information. The subjects correspond with particular types of content for subscriptions, and the attributes encapsulate the data or content. The routers store filters corresponding with subscriptions to content. Upon receiving a packet, a router inspects the payload section of the packet containing the attributes in order to retrieve the attributes and apply them to the filters for the subscriptions. If an attribute satisfies a filter, the packet is routed to the next link. If the attributes do not satisfy the filters, the router discards the packet. These routing decisions are distributed among routers in the network core. The router locally caches the data in the network core.

Abstract: Packet routing via payload inspection at routers in a core of a distributed network for use in distributing content according to quality of service guarantees. Packets contain subjects and attributes in addition to routing information. The subjects correspond with particular types of content for subscriptions, and the attributes encapsulate the data or content. The subscriptions are associated with particular quality of service guarantees or levels of service. The routers store filters corresponding with subscriptions to content. Upon receiving a packet, a router inspects the payload section of the packet containing the attributes in order to retrieve the attributes and match them to the filters for the subscriptions. If the attributes satisfies a filter, the packet is routed to the next link in accordance with the quality of service guarantee associated with that filter. If the attributes do not satisfy any of the filters injected to and stored at the router, the router discards the packet.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide for propagating filters in a publish-subscribe network. A plurality of filters relating to subscriptions to content in the network are received. A number of the filters is reduced based upon particular criteria, and the reduced number of filters are propagated for use in satisfying the subscriptions. A filter receiving module, a filter reduction module, and a filter propagation module may execute these steps.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide for content-based routing of packets in a publish-subscribe network. A packet is received via the network. A map specifying computed filter coverage in an attribute space is accessed. Content of the packet is inspected for a routing decision for the packet. The map is used for the routing decision for the packet. The packet is routed based upon the inspected content of the packet and the map. A router for content-based routing of packets in a publish-subscribe network, comprising modules for performing this method is provided. A network including a plurality of such routers is provided. A computer-readable medium including instructions for performing this method is provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide for persistent caching of methods delivered via a publish-subscribe network. At a first node, a message having data via the network is received. The data is time-marked. The data is cached in a cache memory at the first node. The message is routed to a second node using content-based routing. These steps are repeated at a second node. A router that includes modules for executing this method is provided. A publish-subscribe network that includes nodes that include modules for executing this method is provided. A computer-readable medium that includes instructions for executing this method is provided.

Abstract: Packet routing via payload inspection at routers in a core of a distributed network. Packets include subjects and attributes in addition to routing information. The subjects correspond with particular types of content for subscriptions, and the attributes encapsulate the data or content. The routers store, process, and propagate filters corresponding with subscriptions to content. Upon receiving a packet, a router inspects the payload section of the packet containing the attributes in order to retrieve the subject and the attributes and apply them to the filters for the subscriptions. If an attribute satisfies a filter, the packet is routed to the next link. If the attributes do not satisfy the filters, the router discards the packet. These routing decisions are distributed among routers in the network core.