Abstract: A sample holder includes a base comprising a support structure and a printed circuit board (PCB) in contact with the base. The PCB includes: a dielectric; a front-surface ground (GND) formed on a front surface of the dielectric; a back-surface GND formed on a back surface of the dielectric; a through hole penetrating from the front-surface GND to the back-surface GND, the through hole in which a chip is disposed, and a conductor that electrically connects the front-surface GND and the back-surface GND on an end face of the through hole. At least a part of the base below the through hole has a cavity. The support structure that supports a surface of the chip and is electrically connected to the base. The support structure is disposed in the cavity.

Abstract: A coil spring compressor for compressing a coil spring during the assembly of subassemblies of automotive suspension systems, having a head plate positioned above a base and movable with respect to the base. The coil spring compressor is provided with a pair of guide bars suspended from the head plate and on which a slidable carriage is mounted. The carriage carries a pair of compressing assemblies facing each other and positioned at both sides of the coil spring. Each assembly comprises a pair of compressor arms interconnected with each other. Each compressor arm is provided with a finger mount to which a compressing finger is adjustably attached. The fingers are introduced between two successive turns of the coil spring by operating handles provided on the compressor arms.

Abstract: A film end detector for use in automatic film winding camera comprises a rotary disc having a light transmitting area and mounted on the drive shaft of a motor which is used to wind up a film automatically. The rotation of the disc is monitored by a combination of a light source and light receiving, photoelectric transducer element which are disposed to monitor the passage of light through the light transmitting area, thus detecting a film end. Logic circuits examine the output of the photoelectric transducer element at predetermined intervals to ascertain the completion or failure of completion of a normal film-winding operation.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus employs a real time photometry technique, and includes a central processing unit to which information concerning the characteristic of a film such as a film speed and other information relating to photographing conditions are supplied through input means. The central processing unit selectively controls the connection of integrating capacitors in an integrating circuit on the basis of such input information, and accurately derives an expected exposure period and the remainder of the exposure period. Also, a display of various information is permitted.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus includes a central processing unit to which input information is supplied inclusive of film speed, correction factors to correct for the failure of the reciprocity law and other photographing conditions which are based on such input information, controls a selective connection of integrating capacitors in an integrating circuit and calculates an expected exposure period and the remainder of the exposure period in which the failure of the reciprocity law is corrected for.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus detects whether a film winding assembly mounted utilizes an automatic or a manual film winding mechanism. The apparatus includes detecting means in the form of a diode across which a voltage is developed in response to a current flow through a film winding motor of the automatic film winding mechanism. The voltage developed across the diode permits a discrimination whether the film winding assembly mounted utilizes an automatic or a manual film winding mechanism.

Abstract: An integrating time detector derives an integrating time interval within a reduced period of time, by decreasing a reference voltage against which an integrated voltage is compared in accordance with a time function stored in a computer.

Abstract: A photo-electric converting element converts an incident light into a photo-electric signal corresponding to the illumination of the incident light. The photo-electric signal converted is amplified by a plurality of amplifiers. A discriminating circuit judges under which of a plurality of illumination ranges from low to high illumination the incident light corresponding to the photo-electric signal falls. In accordance with the signal of the judging circuit, an output signal is taken out from the amplifier corresponding to the illumination range of the incident light.