Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a compound having an anti-inflammatory activity or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. The solution of the present invention is a compound of general formula (1) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. wherein the symbols in the formula are defined below: R1: e.g., a C1-C6 alkyl group; R2: a C1-C6 alkyl group; A: e.g., an oxygen atom; and R3: e.g., a C1-C6 alkyl group.

Abstract: A method includes: recording time-series data in which a beam condition including an ion species, energy, and a beam current of an ion beam that is transported along a beamline in an ion implanter and a neutron dose rate that is measured at a predetermined measurement position in the ion implanter are associated with each other in a recording device; transporting a high-energy ion beam along the beamline; acquiring a measured value of the neutron dose rate that is measured at the predetermined measurement position when transporting the high-energy ion beam; calculating an estimated value of the neutron dose rate that is estimated at the predetermined measurement position when transporting the high-energy ion beam, by using the time-series data and the beam condition of the high-energy ion beam; and comparing the measured value with the estimated value.

Abstract: An ion implantation method includes: acquiring a measured value of a neutron dose rate measured at a predetermined position in an ion implanter when a first ion beam containing a first ion species is transported along a beamline; determining whether the measured value exceeds a predetermined threshold; transporting a second ion beam containing a second ion species having a larger mass number than the first ion species along the beamline when the measured value exceeds the predetermined threshold; and irradiating a wafer with the transported first ion beam after transport of the second ion beam.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate having a first upper surface; a semiconductor layer provided on the substrate; a first insulator layer provided over the semiconductor layer and having a second upper surface; a lower electrode provided over the first insulator layer; a dielectric layer provided on the lower electrode; and an upper electrode provided on the dielectric layer. A difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of a distance between the first upper surface of the substrate and the second upper surface of the first insulator layer is smaller than a thickness of the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing golf balls having a core and a cover of at least one layer encasing the core includes the steps of producing a core by molding and vulcanizing a rubber composition containing (A) a base rubber, (B) an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or a metal salt thereof, and (C) an organic peroxide; and heat-treating the core for 1 to 24 hours at between 175 and 300° C. Golf balls which undergo little energy loss and have a high initial velocity can be obtained by this method.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing golf balls having a core and a cover of at least one layer encasing the core includes the steps of producing a core by molding and vulcanizing a rubber composition containing (A) a base rubber, (B) an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or a metal salt thereof, and (C) an organic peroxide; and heat-treating the core for 1 to 24 hours at between 175 and 300° C. Golf balls which undergo little energy loss and have a high initial velocity can be obtained by this method.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball having a core and a cover of one or more layer encasing the core, wherein the core has a center core and a foamed outer layer that directly, or indirectly through another layer, envelops the center core. The foamed outer layer is made of a rubber composition that includes a base rubber, a co-crosslinking agent and an organic peroxide. The foamed outer layer has an inside portion facing the ball center and an outside portion facing the outside of the ball that are unfoamed regions, and contains a foamed region in an intermediate portion therebetween. A method of manufacturing such a golf ball is also provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing golf balls having a core and a cover of at least one layer encasing the core includes the steps of producing a core by molding and vulcanizing a rubber composition containing (A) a base rubber, (B) an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or a metal salt thereof, and (C) an organic peroxide; and heat-treating the core for 1 to 24 hours at between 175 and 300° C. Golf balls which undergo little energy loss and have a high initial velocity can be obtained by this method.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball having a core and a cover of one layer or a plurality of layers, wherein the core is formed of a material molded under heat from a rubber composition containing (A) a base rubber, (B) an organic peroxide, and (C) water and/or a metal monocarboxylate, and has a hysteresis loss of 50% or less when compressed at a load cell speed of 500 mm/min and under a constant load of 5,000 N.

Abstract: In a multi-piece solid golf ball which includes a core of at least one layer, a cover of at least one layer, and at least one intermediate layer interposed between the core and the cover, the cover is composed primarily of polyurethane and the following parameters are controlled within specific ranges: core deflection, melt flow rate of intermediate layer material, thickness of intermediate layer, thickness and Shore D hardness of cover, combined thickness of intermediate layer and cover, and the value of (Shore D hardness of cover material)?(Shore D hardness of intermediate layer material). This golf ball has a good, soft feel at impact and lowers the rate of spin on full shots, achieving a good distance.

Abstract: A rubber composition for golf balls includes (A) a base rubber, (B) two different metal salts of ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acids having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, (C) a metal salt in which at least one bonding site is a fatty acid of 9 or more carbon atoms, and (D) a crosslinking initiator. Letting component (B) include (B-1) an unsaturated metal carboxylate in a high compounding weight and (B-2) an unsaturated metal carboxylate in a low compounding weight, the ratio (B-2)/(B-1) is from 4 to 20 wt % and the ratio (B-2)/(C) is from 20 to 115 wt %. By using this rubber composition in a golf ball core, the golf ball can be endowed with both good spin properties and good durability on impact.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball having a core and a cover of one or more layer encasing the core, wherein the core has a center core and a foamed outer layer that directly, or indirectly through another layer, envelops the center core. The foamed outer layer is made of a rubber composition that includes a base rubber, a co-crosslinking agent and an organic peroxide. The foamed outer layer has an inside portion facing the ball center and an outside portion facing the outside of the ball that are unfoamed regions, and contains a foamed region in an intermediate portion therebetween. A method of manufacturing such a golf ball is also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball having a core and a cover of one layer or a plurality of layers, the core being formed of a material molded under heat from a rubber composition containing: (A) a base rubber, (B) an organic peroxide, and (C) water and/or a metal monocarboxylate. The core has a hardness profile which satisfies specific relationships between the JIS-C hardness at the core center (Cc), the JIS-C hardness at a position 10 mm from the core center (C10) and the JIS-C hardness at the core surface (Cs).

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball having a core and a cover of one or more layer encasing the core, wherein the core is formed of a rubber composition that includes a base rubber, a co-crosslinking agent and an organic peroxide. The core has a center portion and a surface portion that are unfoamed regions, and has an intermediate portion that contains a foamed region. A method of manufacturing such a golf ball is also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball having a core and a cover of one layer or a plurality of layers, the core being formed of a material molded under heat from a rubber composition which includes (A) a base rubber, (B) an organic peroxide, and (C) water and/or a metal monocarboxylate. The product P×E of the difference P (mol/m3) in crosslink density between the core surface and the core center, as measured based on a toluene swelling test, multiplied by the deflection E (mm) of the core when compressed under a final load of 1,275 N (130 kgf) from an initial load state of 98 N (10 kgf) is at least 28×102 mol/m3·mm.

Abstract: Golf ball having a core and a cover of one or more layers, the core being formed of a material molded under heat from a rubber composition including a base rubber, an organic peroxide, and water and/or a metal monocarboxylate. Defining the tan ? slope as (tan ?10?tan ?1)/(10%?1%), where tan ?1 and tan ?10 are the loss tangents at dynamic strains of, respectively, 1% and 10% when the loss tangents of the core center and the core surface are measured at ?12° C. and 15 Hz, the difference between the tan ? slopes at the core surface and the core center is larger than 0.002. Because a core material which undergoes little decrease in resilience over time and experiences little energy loss can be obtained, the golf ball maintains a good rebound, has a reduced spin rate and thus is able to achieve an increased distance.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball that is a one-piece golf ball or a golf ball having a core and a cover of one layer or a plurality of layers, wherein the one-piece golf ball or core is formed of a material molded under heat from a rubber composition containing: (A) a base rubber, (B) an organic peroxide, (C) water, (D) a metal methacrylate and (E) zinc oxide. The content of component (D) per 100 parts by weight of component (A) is from 30 to 45 parts by weight. The molar ratio (C)/(D) between components (C) and (D) satisfies the formula 0.9<(C)/(D)<1.1. The core has an initial velocity V0 of at least 72.0 m/s and up to 75.0 m/s.

Abstract: To provide a golf ball that ensures both an improved durability and an extended flight distance, in which cracks or breakage of a core can be prevented while making the hardness of the core surface greater so as to obtain the greater difference in hardness between the core surface and the core center. The golf ball of the present invention includes a core and a cover that surrounds the core, in which the core includes a base rubber and an unsaturated carboxylic acid or its salt as a co-crosslinking agent, the core has a surface hardness of 80 or more in terms of JIS-C hardness, and the unsaturated carboxylic acid or its salt contained in a region ranging from a surface of the core toward its center by less than 2 mm has an average particle diameter of less than 90 ?m.

Abstract: In a multi-piece solid golf ball having a two-layer core with an inner core layer and an outer core layer, a cover, and at least one intermediate layer between the core and cover, the inner and outer core layers are formed of different rubber compositions, and the intermediate layer and the cover are formed of different resin compositions. The inner core layer diameter, the hardness relationship between the surface of the outer core layer and the center of the inner core layer, and the material hardness of the intermediate layer fall within specific ranges. Also, within the ball, the intermediate layer-encased sphere has a higher surface hardness than the cover-encased sphere. This golf ball has a larger spin rate-lowering effect on full shots with a driver, resulting in an increased distance, and also has an excellent spin performance on approach shots, thus providing the golfer with a competitive advantage.

Abstract: A golf ball contains, as a structural element therein, a molded and crosslinked material obtained from a rubber composition which includes: (a) a base rubber (b) an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or a metal salt thereof, (c) a crosslinking initiator, and (d) a metal carboxylate in which the carboxylic acid bonded to metal is of two or more different types and at least one of the carboxylic acids has 8 or more carbon atoms. The rubber composition has an improved processability in kneading and other operations, and the decrease in the initial velocity of the ball core resulting from the inclusion of additives can be held to a minimum.