Abstract: The organic material in a landfill's incoming solid waste is converted into a useful biogas (methane). A bio vapor stimulation system comprises components for mixing bacteria and nutrients and for growing bacteria, as well as process sensors, and a delivery system to provide an appropriate balance of: (1) anaerobic bacteria, (2) nutrients, and (3) humidification. Measurements of landfill site conditions, landfill gas, landfill gas condensate for temperature, pH, alkalinity, COD/BOD and gas composition, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), volatile acid concentration, and/or other parameters are used as process control inputs.

Abstract: A water injector has a plug end fitting for installation on the individual combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine of the spark ignition or compression ignition type, though which a quantity of water or other non-fuel fluid is injected into the combustion chamber. The temperature and combustion pressure of each combustion chamber as well as the temperature, pressure and humidity of the atmosphere may be monitored and used to control the quantity of water injected into the combustion chambers such that the engine operates at internal combustion conditions equivalent to those occurring at the standard ISO rated atmospheric conditions and thus delivers its ISO rated output regardless of atmospheric conditions. A nozzle is fitted to the plug end of the water injector containing a plurality of openings to inject the water or other non-fuel fluid into the combustion chamber in a predetermined spatial spray pattern.