Abstract: An oxy-fuel burner with monitoring including a fuel passage terminating in a fuel nozzle, a primary oxidant passage terminating in an oxidant nozzle, one or more sensors including a nozzle temperature sensor for sensing at least one of an oxidant nozzle temperature and a fuel nozzle temperature and a position sensor for sensing a burner installation angle, and a data processor programmed to receive data from the sensors and to determine the presence or absence of an abnormal burner condition including a potential partial obstruction of at least one of the primary oxidant passage and the fuel passage based on an increase or decrease in at least one of the oxidant nozzle temperature and the fuel nozzle temperature, and to determine whether the burner is installed at a desired orientation with respect to at least one feature of the furnace based on the burner installation angle.

Abstract: An oxy-fuel burner (10) with monitoring including a fuel passage (320) terminating in a fuel nozzle (322), a primary oxidant passage (330) terminating in an oxidant nozzle (333), one or more sensors including a nozzle temperature sensor (372) for sensing at least one of an oxidant nozzle temperature and a fuel nozzle temperature, and a data processor (66, 166,266) programmed to receive data from the sensors and to determine based on at least a portion of the received data the presence or absence of an abnormal burner condition including a potential partial obstruction of at least one of the primary oxidant passage (330) and the fuel passage (320) based on an increase or decrease in at least one of the oxidant nozzle temperature and the fuel nozzle temperature.

Abstract: A flat flame oxy-fuel burner including a gaseous fuel nozzle having a hydraulic diameter Dh-NG and a width to height ratio w/a of at least 2; a primary oxidant conduit surrounding the fuel nozzle to form an annular primary oxidant nozzle between the fuel nozzle and the oxidant conduit, the oxidant conduit having a height b, the respective outlet ends of the fuel nozzle and the oxidant nozzle being aligned; and a precombustor extending from the outlet end of the fuel and oxidant nozzles and having a length L and a hydraulic diameter Dh; wherein the ratio L/Dh is non-zero and less than or equal to 4; wherein the ratio L/Dh-NG, is non-zero and less than or equal to 12; and wherein the dimensions a, b, and w are sized to yield a primary oxidant Reynolds number from 200 to 22,000 during burner is operation at 0.05 to 1 MMBtu/hr.

Abstract: An oxy-fuel burner (10) with monitoring including a fuel passage (320) terminating in a fuel nozzle (322), a primary oxidant passage (330) terminating in an oxidant nozzle (333), one or more sensors including a nozzle temperature sensor (372) for sensing at least one of an oxidant nozzle temperature and a fuel nozzle temperature, and a data processor (66, 166,266) programmed to receive data from the sensors and to determine based on at least a portion of the received data the presence or absence of an abnormal burner condition including a potential partial obstruction of at least one of the primary oxidant passage (330) and the fuel passage (320) based on an increase or decrease in at least one of the oxidant nozzle temperature and the fuel nozzle temperature.

Abstract: A flat flame oxy-fuel burner including a gaseous fuel nozzle having a hydraulic diameter Dh-NG and a width to height ratio w/a of at least 2; a primary oxidant conduit surrounding the fuel nozzle to form an annular primary oxidant nozzle between the fuel nozzle and the oxidant conduit, the oxidant conduit having a height b, the respective outlet ends of the fuel nozzle and the oxidant nozzle being aligned; and a precombustor extending from the outlet end of the fuel and oxidant nozzles and having a length L and a hydraulic diameter Dh; wherein the ratio L/Dh is non-zero and less than or equal to 4; wherein the ratio L/Dh-NG, is non-zero and less than or equal to 12; and wherein the dimensions a, b, and w are sized to yield a primary oxidant Reynolds number from 200 to 22,000 during burner is operation at 0.05 to 1 MMBtu/hr.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for burning oil from an oil release in a body of water. A mixture of oil and water is collected from the surface of the body of water and separated into an oil-enriched portion and a water-enriched portion. The oil-enriched portion is passed to a burner where the oil-enriched portion is combusted with an oxygen-containing gas having an oxygen concentration of at least 25 volume % oxygen.

Abstract: A method for combusting oil from an oil-containing layer floating on water as from an oil spill or well leak. In the method, an oxygen-containing gas is passed through a conduit, the oxygen-containing gas from the conduit is introduced proximate the oil-containing layer floating on water, and oil from the oil-containing layer is combusted with the oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a flame. The oxygen-containing gas is introduced with an oxygen molar flow rate sufficient to decrease the opacity of a smoke plume from the combusting oil.

Abstract: A method for combusting oil from an oil-containing layer floating on water as from an oil spill or well leak. In the method, an oxygen-containing gas is passed through a conduit, the oxygen-containing gas from the conduit is introduced proximate the oil-containing layer floating on water, and oil from the oil-containing layer is combusted with the oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a flame. The oxygen-containing gas is introduced with an oxygen molar flow rate sufficient to decrease the opacity of a smoke plume from the combusting oil.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for gasification. The method includes partially oxidizing a concentrated lignin-containing liquor to form a product gas and a particulate, separating the product gas from the particulate, and contacting a lignin-containing liquor feed with the separated product gas. The contacting forms the concentrated lignin-containing liquor. The concentrated lignin-containing liquor includes dry solids content of less than about 65% and a sulfur content of less than about 2%.