Abstract: A higher coding efficiency for coding a significance map indicating positions of significant transform coefficients within a transform coefficient block is achieved by the scan order by which the sequentially extracted syntax elements indicating, for associated positions within the transform coefficient block, as to whether at the respective position a significant or insignificant transform coefficient is situated, are sequentially associated to the positions of the transform coefficient block, among the positions of the transform coefficient block depends on the positions of the significant transform coefficients indicated by previously associated syntax elements. Alternatively, the first-type elements may be context-adaptively entropy decoded using contexts which are individually selected for each of the syntax elements dependent on a number of significant transform coefficients in a neighborhood of the respective syntax element, indicated as being significant by any of the preceding syntax elements.

Abstract: An autonomous power regulation method enhances quality of the received signal under severe conditions such as weak signal, unbalanced power among antennas, and not identical power among subcarriers. The improvement in signal quality also means the better performance of the physical uplink control channel format two in the fifth generation mobile network. In terms of antenna index, symbol index, and subcarrier type, power of the received signal is autonomously compensated as the following four steps: step 1: sequence generation and reference calculation; step 2: signal extraction and magnitude calculation; step 3: threshold generation, gain calculation, and power regulation; step 4: channel estimation, channel equalization, channel decoder, and statistics. With various types of the received signal power level and wide range of signal-to-noise ratio, the provided experiment results prove that the autonomous power regulation method is effective, reliable, and versatile.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-fouling, semi-permeable membrane comprising a porous support layer, a thin film composite (TFC) layer formed on a surface of the support layer, and a cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer formed on top of the TFC layer, wherein the cross-linked PVA layer is the reaction product of PVA and a cross-linking agent, said cross-linking agent being a polybasic acid comprising three or more acid groups or precursors thereof. The obtained membrane shows a high water flux and a low roughness suitable for an effective membrane notable for feed solution having a tendency of fouling the membrane.

Abstract: A DC power system includes a first interface to a DC source and a second interface coupled to the first interface and to a load. A battery control system (BCS) has an input/output interface coupled to the first interface and to the second interface, and a series arrangement of switched controllable units of one or more battery cells, each switchably bypassable according to a control signal. The BCS selectively sources and sinks power to variably control a voltage at the input/output interface utilizing the plurality of switched controllable units under control of a BCS processor that produces the control signal. The BCS sources power from the switched controllable units to supply power to the load in addition to, or in lieu of, the DC source, and regulates performance of an external circuit by dynamic variation of the voltage at the input/output interface according to the control signal.

Abstract: A decoder for decoding a data stream into which media data is coded has a mode switch configured to activate a low-complexity mode or a high-efficiency mode depending on the data stream, an entropy decoding engine configured to retrieve each symbol of a sequence of symbols by entropy decoding using a selected one of a plurality of entropy decoding schemes, a desymbolizer configured to desymbolize the sequence of symbols to obtain a sequence of syntax elements, a reconstructor configured to reconstruct the media data based on the sequence of syntax elements, selection depending on the activated low-complexity mode or the high-efficiency mode.

Abstract: A method for decapsulating packaged integrated circuit is provided for the detection of counterfeit integrated circuit. The present invention pertains particularly to methods for application of heat for the decapsulation. The best way to ensure devices under test is not a counterfeit is to match the golden sample's die topography with that of the device under test. It is extremely difficult to replicate the unique topography and logo markings on the die. For an application like a failure analysis, it requires more expensive and involved steps to preserve the functionality of the die after the decapsulation. The decapsulation method for the detection of counterfeit only requires the preservation of markings of the die. The present invention provides for an efficient and economical decapsulation method for the detection of counterfeit utilizing new and novel techniques involving precise temperature control and related steps.

Abstract: A method for sequentially decoding, from a data stream, a sequence of samples corresponding to a picture, including entropy decoding a quantization index corresponding to a sample, indicating, based on the quantization index, a reconstruction level set of two reconstruction levels sets, the two reconstruction level sets including: a first reconstruction level set that includes reconstruction levels that are even multiples of a quantization step size, wherein the first reconstruction level set excludes reconstruction levels that are odd multiples of the quantization set size; a second reconstruction level set that includes reconstruction levels that are odd multiples of the quantization step size, and dequantizing the sample using the indicated reconstruction level set. The second reconstruction level set excludes reconstruction levels that are even multiples of the quantization step size.

Abstract: Reconstructing a second component signal relating to a second component of a multi-component picture from a spatially corresponding portion of a reconstructed first component signal and a correction signal derived from data stream for the second component promises increased coding efficiency over a broader range of multi-component picture content. By including the spatially corresponding portion of the reconstructed first component signal into the reconstruction of the second component signal, any remaining inter-component redundancies/correlations present such as still present despite a possibly a priori performed component space transformation, or present because of having been introduced by such a priori performed component space information, for example, may readily be removed by way of the inter-component redundancy/correlation reduction of the second component signal.

Abstract: A video encoder is configured to entropy encode an absolute value of a quantization level of a current transform coefficient at position (xC, yC), wherein the absolute value is encoded using context adaptive binary arithmetic encoding of bins of a first binarization. The video coder is further configured, for the current transform coefficient, to encode a bin of the first binarization by using a context which is determined based on a sum of minimum absolute values of transform coefficient quantization levels, based on encoded bins of the first binarization, at one or more transform coefficient positions among (xC+1, yC), (xC+2, yC), (xC+1, yC+1), (xC, yC+1), and (xC, yC+2).

Abstract: A fluid seal assembly having a sleeve disposed circumferentially around a downhole tool. First and second fasteners extend circumferentially around the sleeve proximate respective first and second ends of the sleeve. The first and second fasteners may comprise a shape-memory alloy that, in response to a temporarily increased temperature, have caused the first and second fasteners to circumferentially compress the sleeve against an outer surface of the downhole tool.

Abstract: The coding of a media signal is rendered more efficient by describing the media signal using a sequence of samples and sequentially encoding this sequence by selecting, for a current sample, a set of quantization levels out of a plurality of quantization level sets depending on indices encoded into the data stream for previous samples of the sequence of samples, quantizing the current sample onto one level of the set of quantization levels, and encoding a quantization index to the one level for the current sample into the data stream. In other words, scalar quantization of the individual samples of the sequence of samples is used, but it is rendered dependent on quantization indices encoded into the data stream for previous samples of the sequence of samples.

Abstract: A video encoder is configured to entropy encode an absolute value of a quantization level of a current transform coefficient at position (xC, yC), wherein the absolute value is encoded using context adaptive binary arithmetic encoding of bins of a first binarization. The video coder is further configured, for the current transform coefficient, to encode a bin of the first binarization by using a context which is determined based on a sum of minimum absolute values of transform coefficient quantization levels, based on encoded bins of the first binarization, at one or more transform coefficient positions among (xC+1, yC), (xC+2, yC), (xC+1, yC+1), (xC, yC+1), and (xC, yC+2).

Abstract: An apparatus for block-based predictive decoding of a picture comprises a combiner configured to combine a residual signal a predetermined block of the picture and a reference signal for the predetermined block so as to obtain a first spectrum, the residual signal correcting a prediction error of a prediction of the predetermined block of the picture; a reducer configured to perform thresholding on the first spectrum to obtain a second spectrum so that coefficients below a threshold value are set to a predefined value; an extractor configured to obtain from the second spectrum a modified version of the residual signal; and a reconstructor block configured to decode the predetermined block of the picture from the data stream on the basis of the modified version of the residual signal.

Abstract: Decomposing a value range of the respective syntax elements into a sequence of n partitions with coding the components of z laying within the respective partitions separately with at least one by VLC coding and with at least one by PIPE or entropy coding is used to greatly increase the compression efficiency at a moderate coding overhead since the coding scheme used may be better adapted to the syntax element statistics. Accordingly, syntax elements are decomposed into a respective number n of source symbols si with i=1 . . . n, the respective number n of source symbols depending on as to which of a sequence of n partitions into which a value range of the respective syntax elements is sub-divided, a value z of the respective syntax elements falls into, so that a sum of values of the respective number of source symbols si yields z, and, if n>1, for all i=1 . . . n?1, the value of si corresponds to a range of the ith partition.

Abstract: Reconstructing a second component signal relating to a second component of a multi-component picture from a spatially corresponding portion of a reconstructed first component signal and a correction signal derived from a data stream for the second component promises increased coding efficiency over a broader range of multi-component picture content. By including the spatially corresponding portion of the reconstructed first component signal into the reconstruction of the second component signal, any remaining inter-component redundancies/correlations present such as still present despite a possibly a priori performed component space transformation, or present because of having been introduced by such a priori performed component space transformation, for example, may readily be removed by way of the inter-component redundancy/correlation reduction of the second component signal.

Abstract: A rim transmission mechanism to create a rotating motion in two axes perpendicular to devices for the purpose of detecting and monitoring the target. This is the mechanical mechanism that carries out the rotating transmission of two horizontal and vertical directions (azimuth) (azimuth). Half of half-spring gear. The structure includes the main components: horizontal channel clusters, teeth clusters and vertical channels. Location sensors, angular velocity sensors are arranged, designed scientifically, optimizing the layout space and mass of the structure.

Abstract: A decoder includes an entropy decoder configured to derive a number of bins of the binarizations from the data stream using binary entropy decoding by selecting a context among different contexts and updating probability states associated with the different contexts, dependent on previously decoded portions of the data stream; a desymbolizer configured to debinarize the binarizations of the syntax elements to obtain integer values of the syntax elements; a reconstructor configured to reconstruct the video based on the integer values of the syntax elements using a quantization parameter, wherein the entropy decoder is configured to distinguish between 126 probability states and to initialize the probability states associated with the different contexts according to a linear equation of the quantization parameter, wherein the entropy decoder is configured to, for each of the different contexts, derive a slope and an offset of the linear equation from first and second four bit parts of a respective 8 bit initial

Abstract: Decoder for decoding a residual signal from a data stream, configured to decode, from the data stream, a quantized prediction residual and at least one quantization error compensation signal; scale the quantized prediction residual to determine a scaled prediction residual; determine a reconstructed prediction residual based on the scaled prediction residual and the at least one quantization error compensation signal.

Abstract: The refinement of block-based predictive coding and decoding of pictures as applicable in, e.g., hybrid video codecs, using additional reconstructed samples or residuals is described. An apparatus for block-based predictive decoding of a picture is described. The apparatus includes a combiner configured to combine a residual signal a predetermined block of the picture and a reference signal for the predetermined block so as to obtain a first spectrum, the residual signal correcting a prediction error of a prediction of the predetermined block of the picture; a reducer configured to perform thresholding on the first spectrum to obtain a second spectrum so that coefficients below a threshold value are set to a predefined value; an extractor configured to obtain from the second spectrum a modified version of the residual signal; and a reconstructor block configured to decode the predetermined block of the picture from the data stream on the basis of the modified version of the residual signal.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an attachable/detachable member, a fixing device, a shutter, an opening/closing interlocking part, and a pressing interlocking part. The fixing device is provided on an upstream side of the attachable/detachable member in a draw-out direction of the attachable/detachable member, and fixes a toner image on a medium passing through a pressurized area formed between a heating member and a pressing member. The opening/closing interlocking part moves the shutter to an opening position when the attachable/detachable member is attached, and moves the shutter to a closing position when the attachable/detachable member is drawn out. The pressing interlocking part moves the heating member in a direction of pressing it against the other when the shifter is moved to the closing position, and moves the heating member in a direction of separating it away from the other when the shutter is moved to the closing position.