Abstract: An anode for the electrolysis of aluminium made from an outer dense layer of a ceramic material on a dense core made from a composite of the ceramic material of the outer layer and an electronic conductor.

Abstract: A material suitable for use for structural components in a cell for the electrolytic reduction of alumina to aluminium metal defined either by: the formula (A?1?uA?u)x(B?1?vB?v)y(C?1?wC?w)zO4, in which A? and A? are divalent elements from the group Co, Ni, or Zn, B? and B? are trivalent elements from the group Al, Cr, Mn, or Fe, and C? and C? are the tetravalent elements Ti or Sn. O is the element oxygen. 0?u<1, 0?v<1, 0?w<1 1?x?2, 0?y?2 and 0?z?1, x+y+z=3 and 2x+3y+4z=8, ?or the formula A?1?sA?sTiO3, in which A? and A? are divalent elements from the group Co, Ni, or Zn. O is the element oxygen. 0?s<1 ?or the formula A?1?tA?tO, in which A? and A? are divalent elements from the group Co, Ni, or Zn. O is the element oxygen. 0?t<1.

Abstract: A material suitable for use as the active anode surface in the electrolytic reduction of alumina to aluminium metal defined by the formula: A1+xB1+?CdO4 where A is a divalent cation or a mixture of cations with a relative preference for octahedral coordination, B is a trivalent cation or mixture of cations with a relative preference for tetrahedral coordination, C is a trivalent cations with a relative preference for octahedral coordination or a four-valent cation with a relative preference for octahedral coordination, O is the element oxygen: When C is trivalent x=0, 0.8<d<1, ?<0.2 and x+d+d is essentially equal to 1. When C is four-valent 0.4<x<0.6, 0.4<d<0.6, ?<0.2 and x+d+? is essentially equal to 1.

Abstract: A material suitable for use for structural components in a cell for the electrolytic reduction of alumina to aluminium metal defined either by: the formula (A?1-uA?u)x(B?1-vB?v)y(C?1-wC?w)zO4, in which A? and A? are divalent elements from the group Co, Ni, or Zn, B? and B? are trivalent elements from the group Al, Cr, Mn, or Fe, and C? and C? are the tetravalent elements Ti or Sn. 0 is the element oxygen. 0?u<1, 0?v<1, 0?w<1 1?x?2, 0?y?2 and 0?z?1, x+y+z=3 and 2x+3y+4z=8, or the formula A?1-sA?sTiO3, in which A? and A? are divalent elements from the group Co, Ni, or Zn. O is the element oxygen. 0?s<1 or the formula A?1-tA?tO, in which A? and A? are divalent elements from the group Co, Ni, or Zn. O is the element oxygen. 0?t<1.

Abstract: An anode for the electrolysis of aluminium made from an outer dense layer of a ceramic material on a dense core made from a composite of the ceramic material of the outer layer and an electronic conductor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid multicomponent membrane for use in a reactor where the membrane comprises a mixed metal oxide having a structure represented by the formula: La1−xCax(Fe1−y−y′TiyAly′)wO3−4 wherein x, y, y′, w, and d each represent a number such that 0.1≦(y+y′)≦0.8, 0.15≦(x+y′) ≦0.95, 0.05≦(x−y)≦0.3, 0.95<w<1, and d equals a number that renders the compound charge neutral and is not less than zero and not greater than about 0.8. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a use of the membrane in a reactor for generating heat or for generating synthesis gas.

Abstract: A material suitable for use as the active anode surface in the electrolytic reduction of alumina to aluminium metal defined by the formula: A1+xB1+&dgr;CdO4 where A is a divalent cation or a mixture of cations with a relative preference for octahedral coordination, B is a trivalent cation or mixture of cations with a relative preference for tetrahedral coordination, C is a trivalent cations with a relative preference for octahedral coordination or a four-valent cation with a relative preference for octahedral coordination, O is the element oxygen: When C is trivalent x=0, 0.8<d<1, &dgr;<0.2 and x+d+d is essentially equal to 1. When C is four-valent 0.4<x<0.6, 0.4<d<0.6, &dgr;<0.2 and x+d+&dgr; is essentially equal to 1.