Abstract: This document provides methods and materials for treating cancer (e.g., liver cancer such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)) using one or more stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) polypeptide inhibitors (e.g., a selective SCD1 inhibitor (SSI)) and one or more tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Abstract: A method for detecting malignancy in a biliary cytology sample. In situ hybridization is performed on the biliary cytology sample to express nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT-1). The hybridized biliary cytology sample is imaged, and the NEAT-1 expressions are identified. A plurality of features of the identified NEAT-1 expressions are detected. The detected features of the NEAT-1 expressions are processed by a processor configured with algorithm criteria defined by a trained neural network and based on the plurality of features to provide predictions of malignancy in the sample.