Abstract: A heat exchange system includes a housing, a cover, and a sealing mechanism. The housing includes an outer side, an inner side opposite the outer side, a supply channel on the inner side, an exit channel on the inner side, and a plurality of fins on the inner side. The plurality of fins define a plurality of transverse channels. Each transverse provides fluid communication between the supply channel and the exit channel. The cover covers the inner side of the housing. The sealing mechanism compresses the cover and the housing such that a seal is formed between the cover and the housing.

Abstract: A method of switching a first fluid supplied to a dispenser with a second fluid. The method includes stopping the first fluid from flowing into a common portion of a flow system, causing a flush fluid to flow through the common portion, stopping the flush fluid from flowing into the common portion, removing the flush fluid from the common portion, causing the second fluid to flow through the common portion, and continuously circulating the first fluid to and from a reservoir without the first liquid entering the common portion of the flow system. The continuously circulating of the first fluid begins a) after stopping the fluid liquid from flowing into the common portion of the flow system and b) prior to or during the second fluid flowing through the common portion of the flow system.

Abstract: A pulsation dampener for a dispensing system comprising a housing, a diaphragm comprising at least one fluoropolymer layer, the diaphragm dividing the housing into a first compartment and a second compartment, an inlet port and an outlet port each in fluid communication with the first compartment thereby providing a flow path for a liquid to enter the first compartment via the first inlet port and exit the first compartment via the outlet port, and at least one gas disposed within the second compartment, the at least one gas having a kinetic diameter of 0.36 nm or greater, wherein the fluoropolymer of the at least one fluoropolymer layer and the at least one gas are selected such that a gas transmittance rate of the at least one gas through the diaphragm is from 0 mbar*L/second to 1*10?5 mbar*L/second.

Abstract: A pulsation dampener for a dispensing system comprising a housing, a diaphragm comprising at least one fluoropolymer layer, the diaphragm dividing the housing into a first compartment and a second compartment, an inlet port and an outlet port each in fluid communication with the first compartment thereby providing a flow path for a liquid to enter the first compartment via the first inlet port and exit the first compartment via the outlet port, and at least one gas disposed within the second compartment, the at least one gas having a kinetic diameter of 0.36 nm or greater, wherein the fluoropolymer of the at least one fluoropolymer layer and the at least one gas are selected such that a gas transmittance rate of the at least one gas through the diaphragm is from 0 mbar*L/second to 1*10?5 mbar*L/second.

Abstract: The present invention includes a variable emissivity metamaterial comprising a substrate and one or more arrays of nanostructured objects deposited on the substrate, wherein the objects comprise a material that has near-IR reflectivity and near-IR absorptivity and the one or more arrays are positioned between 5 and 750 nM from the substrate.