Abstract: Methods and equipment are disclosed relating to three-dimensional printing that include positioning an array of nozzles within a bed of loose solid material, moving the array of nozzles through the bed of loose solid material while injecting a liquid from the array of nozzles in a controlled pattern causing the liquid to react with a portion of the bed of loose solid material forming a solid concrete three-dimensional object. An unreacted portion of the bed of loose solid material may then be separated from the solid three-dimensional object.

Abstract: Methods and equipment are disclosed relating to three-dimensional printing that include positioning an array of nozzles within a bed of loose solid material, moving the array of nozzles through the bed of loose solid material while injecting a liquid from the array of nozzles in a controlled pattern causing the liquid to react with a portion of the bed of loose solid material forming a solid concrete three-dimensional object. An unreacted portion of the bed of loose solid material may then be separated from the solid three-dimensional object.

Abstract: Cooperating protection units having both convex and concave walls are disclosed that have the potential to create lengthy protections structures that may be used in the protection of coastal areas. Certain versions of those protective units are configured to have semi-cylindrical wall faces that may cooperate with one another in a lengthy structure and certain other protective units have semi-spherical wall faces that may cooperate with one another in a lengthy structure. Soil and vegetation may accumulate in central cavities of the units.