Abstract: A home phototherapy system for producing vitamin D via skin exposure and associated methods are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the system includes a UV-emitting device that includes a housing and a UV light assembly carried by the housing. The UV light assembly can include an array of UVB light emitters and an optical component that, together, emit phototherapeutic UV radiation from an active side of the housing to promote vitamin D production in skin (e.g., a human torso) exposed to the UVB light. The system also includes a dose controller operably coupled to the UV light assembly that can create a dosing protocol for the UV light assembly and specific to the user. The dose controller can be implemented on an application in a mobile device, within the UV-emitting device, and/or a cloud server.