Abstract: A software test system includes: a terminal device in which software to be tested is installed; and a software test device that stores a test driver for testing the test-target software according to test data and a test procedure of the test-target software, wherein the test driver is transmitted to the terminal device and tests the test-target software by combining the test data and the test procedure within the terminal device. A test-target program can be tested within a short time at a relatively low cost, and the reliability of the testing can be improved.

Abstract: A tilt-telescopic apparatus for a steering system allows a tilt restraining means and telescopic restraining means to cooperate via one manipulating lever. A tilt restraint, telescopic restraint, tilt restraint release, and telescopic restraint release are conducive to simultaneous tilt and telescopic engagement by a single manipulation for convenience. The parts of the apparatus, including structural parts for transmitting power to the manipulating lever and the like that can be co-used, can be unified, thus resulting in simplified structure and reduction of manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A method or manufacturing an array substrate at a low cost. Silicon patterns are formed. A first impurity is implanted at a high concentration. Gate metal patterns are formed. A second impurity is implanted. The first impurity is implanted at a low concentration. A pixel electrode is formed. The first impurity is simultaneously implanted into partial portions of the pixel pattern part, the storage pattern part, and the driving pattern part.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for protecting and recovering system data stored in a computer hard disk from corruption that may occur due to malicious or accidental operation during use of a computer are provided. According to the apparatus and method, not an entire system area but a part needing protection in the system area is selectively protected in a buffer area by using a system area information table and a mapping table, thereby remarkably reducing the size of the necessary buffer area.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for protecting and recovering system data stored in a computer hard disk from corruption that may occur due to malicious or accidental operation during use of a computer are provided. The apparatus manages non-preemptively changed system data in a system area.

Abstract: A tilt-telescopic apparatus for a steering system allows a tilt restraining means and telescopic restraining means to cooperate via one manipulating lever. A tilt restraint, telescopic restraint, tilt restraint release, and telescopic restraint release are conducive to simultaneous tilt and telescopic engagement by a single manipulation for convenience. The parts of the apparatus, including structural parts for transmitting power to the manipulating lever and the like that can be co-used, can be unified, thus resulting in simplified structure and reduction of manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A computer having a modem outputs a telephone bell signals regardless of an active state of the computer as well as the modem. The modem provides a voltage signal responsive to the active state thereof. The computer system includes a bell signal generator for producing a bell signal in response to a ring signal received over a telephone line connected to the modem. Further, a relay switch is provided across the telephone line directed to the bell signal generator, the relay switch comprising normal-on switches allowing the telephone line to be connected to the bell signal generator when the modem is inactive state, and being activated to cut off the switch in response to the voltage signal fed from the modem. A speaker is connected to the output of the bell signal generator. If a telephone set is not connected to the modem, the computer of this invention may detect the telephone ring signal and sound a bell signal even if the computer as well as the modem is not in the active state.

Abstract: A combinational logic type inversion circuit for calculating the inverse of an arbitrary element .alpha..sup.i in a finite field, includes a power and multiplication circuit for calculating a primitive element .alpha..sup.i raised to the (2.sup.1)-th power through a primitive element .alpha..sup.i raised to the (2.sup.m-1)-th power and multiplying all of the primitive elements .alpha..sup.i raised to the (2.sup.1)-th power through .alpha..sup.i raised to the (2.sup.m-1)-th power together to generate an output M.sub.OUT, and a divider circuit for dividing the output M.sub.OUT of the power and multiplication circuit by the primitive element .alpha. raised to the (2.sup.m -1)-th power.

Abstract: A method of forming a capacitor for a semiconductor device includes the steps of forming a gate electrode on a semiconductor substrate, forming an impurity diffused region on portions of the semiconductor substrate at sides of the gate electrode, forming a storage node electrode layer contacting one side of the impurity diffused region, forming a thermal nitride film on the storage node electrode layer, forming a Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 layer on the thermal nitride film, and annealing the Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 layer using an N.sub.2 O gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circuit for calculating an ELP and an EEP, and a Reed-Solomon decoder using the same.

Abstract: A traceback-performing apparatus includes a first storing portion which receives and stores new path metric values and minimum path metric value so that the first input value is output later and the later input value is output first. A first trace logic portion which receives outputs of the first storing portion and the minimum path metric value and generates a first state which is the next state to be traced. A second storing portion which receives and stores the output of the first storing portion so that the first input value is output first and the later input value is output later. A second trace logic portion which receives the output of the second storing portion and the first state and generates a second state which is the next state to be traced. And, a third storing portion which receives and stores the second state so that the first input value is output later and the later input value is output first so as to find the decoded bits.

Abstract: In a decoding system which decodes a transmitted signal encoded by using a Reed-Solomon code, an error locator polynomial of the nth iteration is calculated based on a predetermined number of syndrome values; a group of variables of the (n-1)st iteration including a discrepancy and an error locator polynomial thereof; and an error locator polynomial of the (n-2)nd iteration. The method for providing the error locator polynomial comprises the steps of calculating a discrepancy of the nth iteration based on the syndrome values and the error locator polynomial of the (n-1)st iteration; calculating a temporal term based on the discrepancy of the (n-1)st iteration and the error locator polynomial of the (n-2)nd iteration; determining a correction term based on the temporal term and the discrepancy of the nth iteration; and computing the error locator polynomial of the nth iteration based on the correction term and the error locator polynomial of the (n-1)st iteration.