Abstract: A system for producing pressure or shear-waves in a solid medium uses a wave generator with at least one primary induction coil and at least one short-circuited secondary coil. The short-circuited secondary coil is rigidly connected to the solid medium for directly transmitting to the solid medium the repulsion force generated between the primary and secondary coils by a short-circuit current caused to flow in the secondary coil when electrical power is applied to the primary coil. Thus, the system is a transformer in which the short-circuited secondary coil is directly used as the tool for the wave application.

Abstract: An electromagnetic sliding shoe brake also referred to as a slipper shoe ke is constructed especially for use in or on rail vehicles, especially high speed rail vehicles. The magnetic core, with its energizing coil, has at least two pole pieces. The sliding brake shoe comprises ferromagnetic pole plates alternating with interconnecting magnetically insulating members. The pole plates, or rather the brake shoe, is connected to the magnetic core substantially in a frictionless manner. The brake shoe is connected to the magnetic core by parallelogram type pivoting elements and biased against the chassis by one or two springs (7) which will assure that in operation the brake shoe is pressed against a brake force take-up member at least with a predetermined brake force which will be substantially constant and independent of the friction coefficient between the brake shoe and the brake force take-up member such as a rail.

Abstract: The levitating and guide magnets of a magnetically levitated vehicle are supported by frames. Each frame comprises two crossbeams (4) extending across the length of the rails. These crossbeams (4) are flexible against bending and connected in pairs in the longitudinal rail direction by connecting members which are stiff against shearing loads. Both, the levitating magnets (1) and the guide magnets (2) are supported in a see-saw fashion by respective journal shafts or pins (7, 7'). Each pair of crossbeams (4) carries four sets of magnets. Each set of magnets includes two levitating magnets (1) and two guide magnets (2) forming a respective structural magnet unit. The journal pins may be replaced by pivot movement permitting spring supports.