Patents by Inventor Ulrich Finkenzeller
Ulrich Finkenzeller has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
-
Patent number: 5389292Abstract: Compounds of the formula IR--(A.sup.1 -A.sup.1).sub.m --A.sup.2 --Q--CHF.sub.2 Iin which R, A.sup.1, Z.sup.1, m, A.sup.2 and Q have the meaning given in Patent Claim 1 are suitable as components of liquid-crystalline media.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 1992Date of Patent: February 14, 1995Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Dieter Dorsch, Ekkehard Bartmann, Hans A. Kurmeier, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Georg Weber, Herbert Plach, Eike Poetsch
-
Patent number: 5389295Abstract: Benzene derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 1 to 7, Q is --CO or --(CH.sub.2).sub.r --, where r is 1 to 5, s is 0, 1 or 2, t is 0 or 1, where s+t.gtoreq.1, X is F, Cl, --CF.sub.3, --CN, --OCF.sub.3 or --OCHF.sub.2, and Y, L and Z are each, independently of one another, H or F.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 1992Date of Patent: February 14, 1995Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Andreas Wachtler, Reinhard Hittich, Eike Poetsch, Herbert Plach, David Coates, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Thomas Geelhaar, Volker Reiffenrath, Bernhard Rieger
-
Patent number: 5387371Abstract: The invention relates to a ferroelectric liquid-crystalline medium having improved low-temperature behavior, pronounced bistability and a phase sequence containing the phases isotropic, cholesteric, smectic A and chiral smectic C, comprising an achiral base material having a broad smectic C phase and at least one chiral dope which induces a spontaneous polarization of from 5 to 40 nCcm.sup.-2 in the achiral base material, characterized in that the medium has a chiral smectic C phase which is stable at least to -30.degree. C., and to the use thereof in electro-optical devices.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 1993Date of Patent: February 7, 1995Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Axel Pausch, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Juliane Suermann, David Coates
-
Patent number: 5387689Abstract: The invention relates to chiral valerolactone derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-18 alkyl in which one or two non-adjacent --CH.sub.2 groups are optionally replaced by --O--, --CO--O--, --O--CO-- or --S--,A is --H.sub.2 --, --C--(CH.sub.3).sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2,Sp is a spacer, which optionally contains a chiral carbon atom,Z.sup.0 is --COO--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --C.tbd.C-- or --CH.tbd.CH--,MG is a mesogenic group, andn and p are each 0 or 1,and the use thereof as components of liquid-crystalline media for electrooptical displays.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 1993Date of Patent: February 7, 1995Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Volker Reiffenrath, Ulrich Finkenzeller
-
Patent number: 5384066Abstract: The invention relates to a microdroplet or network system which is provided with active matrix addressing and whose liquid-crystal mixture contains one or more compounds of the formula I and in which the polymerization of the optically transparent medium is initiated by a photoinitiator which forms free radicals.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1992Date of Patent: January 24, 1995Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Eike Poetsch, Raymond Jubb, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Thomas Jacob, Jorg Ohngemach, Stefan Wilhelm
-
Patent number: 5356557Abstract: The invention relates to an electrooptical system which contains, between 2 electrode layers, a liquid-crystal mixture and a further optically transparent polymeric medium, one of the electrode layers being formed as an active matrix having nonlinear addressing elements integrated into the pixel, while the other electrode layer forms the counterelectrode,whose liquid-crystal molecules have an irregular alignment in the switched-off state,in which one of the refractive indices of the liquid-crystal mixture essentially corresponds to the refractive index of the medium n.sub.m and/or in which the quotient of the mass of the liquid-crystal mixture and the mass of the optically transparent medium is 1.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1992Date of Patent: October 18, 1994Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Raymond Jubb, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Eike Poetsch, Stefan Wilhelm
-
Patent number: 5344587Abstract: The invention relates to an electrooptical liquid crystal systemwhich contains a dielectrically positive liquid crystal mixture and a further optically transparent medium between 2 electrodes which are optionally applied to substrate sheets,whose liquid crystal molecules in the switched-off state have an irregular orientation,in which one of the refractive indices of the liquid crystal mixture essentially agrees with the refractive index of the matrix n.sub.M and/or in which the quotient of the mass of the liquid crystal mixture and of the mass of the optically transparent medium is 1.5 or more and,which, independently of the polarization of the incident light, has a reduced transmission in one of the two switch states compared to the other state andwhose liquid crystal mixture contains one or more compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which Q.sup.1 is ##STR2## are independently of one another trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-l,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene and one of A.sup.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1991Date of Patent: September 6, 1994Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: David Coates, Shirley Marden, Graham Smith, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Volker Reiffenrath, Reinhard Hittich, Stefan Wilhelm
-
Patent number: 5324449Abstract: Substituted phenyl trifluoromethyl ethers of the formula IR.sup.1 --(A.sup.1 --Z.sup.1).sub.n --A.sup.2 --Z.sup.2 --A.sup.3 --OCF.sub.3 Iin which R.sup.1, A.sup.1, Z.sup.1, n, A.sup.2, Z.sup.2 and A.sup.3 have the meaning given in claim 1, are suitable as components of liquid-crystalline phases.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1993Date of Patent: June 28, 1994Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Hans-Adolf Kurmeier, Bernhard Scheuble, Eike Poetsch, Ulrich Finkenzeller
-
Patent number: 5279764Abstract: The invention relates to dihalogenobenzene derivatives of the formula IR.sup.1 --A.sup.1 --Z.sup.1 --A.sup.2 --(Z.sup.2 --A.sup.3).sub.n --R.sup.2wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and n are as defined in the specification.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 1992Date of Patent: January 18, 1994Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Volker Reiffenrath, Joachim Krause, Georg Weber, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Andreas Wachtler, Thomas Geelhaar, David Coates, Ian C. Sage, Simon Greenfield
-
Patent number: 5273680Abstract: This invention relates to fluorinated oligophenyls of formula (I), in which a is 0 or 1 and in which the terminal substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently an alkyl or alkenyl residue each with up to 15 C atoms, optionally substituted by CN or by at least one halogen atom, and wherein one or more non adjacent CH.sub.2 groups of these residues may be replaced by --O--, --S--, --CO--, --O--CO--, --CO--O--, --O--CO--O-- or --C.tbd.C--, one of the residues R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may also denote a group of formula (II), any one of the following pairs of lateral substituents are both fluorine: (A, B), (C, D), (D, E), (C, E), (B, C), (D, J), (D, K), (A, C), (C, J), (C', D'), (D', E), (D', A), (C', E), (C', A), (D', J'), (D', K'), (C', J'), (B, G), (A, G), all of the other lateral substituents being hydrogen or fluorine, and to their use as components of liquid crystalline compositions.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 1992Date of Patent: December 28, 1993Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: George W. Gray, Michael Hird, David Lacey, Kenneth J. Toyne, Volker Reiffenrath, Andreas Wachtler, Joachim Krause, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Thomas Geelhaar
-
Patent number: 5262085Abstract: Trifluoromethylene compounds of the formula I ##STR1## which can be used as components of liquid-crystalline media for liquid-crystal and electrooptical display elements.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1991Date of Patent: November 16, 1993Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Ekkehard Bartmann, Eike Poetsch, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Herbert Plach
-
Patent number: 5250220Abstract: Novel 2,5-disubstituted heterocyclic compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 1 to 10,Het is ##STR2## Ring A is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or, in the case where Het= ##STR3## X=--OCF.sub.3 or --OCHF.sub.2 and/or Y=Z=F, is alternatively 1,4-phenylene,X is CN, F, Cl, --CF.sub.3, --OCF.sub.3 or --OCHF.sub.2, andY and Z are each, independently of one another, H or F, can be used as components of liquid-crystalline media.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1992Date of Patent: October 5, 1993Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Andreas Wachtler, Reinhard Hittich, Eike Poetsch, Joachim Krause, Ulrich Finkenzeller, David Coates
-
Patent number: 5242616Abstract: Electrooptical liquid crystal system [sic] containing nematic microdroplets which are embedded in a transparent matrix and consist of a liquid crystal mixture, characterized in that, to increase the flow viscosity to values >40 mm.sup.2 /s at 20.degree. C., the liquid crystal mixture contains one or more side-chain polymers containing monomer units of the formula I ##STR1## wherein P is a main polymer chain unit,Sp is an alkylene group having 1-20 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups can also be replaced by --O--, --S-- and/or --NR.sup.2 --, andB is an organic "rod-like" radical,can be used for the preparation of large-area display systems, in particular those operating with alternating voltage.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 1991Date of Patent: September 7, 1993Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Ulrich Finkenzeller, Dieter Dorsch
-
Patent number: 5242618Abstract: Di- and trifluorotolans of the formula I. ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is alkyl having up to 9 carbon atoms, andL is H or Fare suitable as components of liquid-crystalline media.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1991Date of Patent: September 7, 1993Assignee: Merck Patent GesellschaftInventors: Joachim Krause, Volker Reiffenrath, Ulrich Finkenzeller
-
Patent number: 5230829Abstract: The invention relates to novel phenylcyclohexanes of the formula I ##STR1## in which Q is CH--Hal or C--Hal.sub.2 where Hal is F or Cl,n is 1 to 5,r is 0 to 6,A is a single bond, ##STR2## X is F, Cl, --CF.sub.3, --OCF.sub.3 or --OCHF.sub.2, and Y and Z are each, independently of one another, H or F.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1991Date of Patent: July 27, 1993Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Ekkehard Bartmann, Joachim Krause, Eike Poetsch, Reinhard Hittich, Bernhard Rieger, Ulrich Finkenzeller
-
Patent number: 5211878Abstract: Derivatives of 2,3-difluorobenzonitrile of the formula I ##STR1## are useful components of liquid crystalline phases.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1991Date of Patent: May 18, 1993Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Volker Reiffenrath, Joachim Krause, Andreas Wachtler, Georg Weber, Ulrich Finkenzeller
-
Patent number: 5204019Abstract: 4-Q.sup.1 -4'-Q.sup.2 -2,3-Difluorobiphenyls whereinQ.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 independently of one another are each R or R-A.sup.1 -A.sup.2 -Z in whichR (sic) alkyl having 1-15 C atoms or alkenyl having 3-15 C atoms each of which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by cyano or at least monosubstituted by fluorine or chlorine, and in which in each case one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups can also be replaced by --O--, --CO--, --O--CO, --CO--O-- or --O--COO--, (sic) --COO--, --O--CO--, --CH.sub.2 O, --O--CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or a single bond, andA.sup.1 and A.sup.2 independently of one another . . (sic) each 1,4-phenylene which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or two fluorine atoms, and in which one or two CH groups can also be replaced by N, or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene wherein one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups can also be replaced by --O--, and one of the two groups A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 can also be a single bond,subject to the proviso that Z is --CO--O, --O--CO--, --CH.sub.2 O--, --OCH.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 1989Date of Patent: April 20, 1993Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Volker Reiffenrath, Joachim Krause, Andreas Wachtler, Georg Weber, Ulrich Finkenzeller, David Coates, Ian C. Sage, Simon Greenfield, George W. Gray, Michael Hird, David Lacey, Kenneth J. Toyne
-
Patent number: 5188759Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystalline medium having at least two components, where at least one component is a haloacetylene derivatives of the formula IR.sup.1 --A.sup.1 --Z.sup.1 --(A.sup.2 --Z.sup.2).sub.m --A.sup.3 --C.tbd.C--X IwhereinR.sup.1 is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by CN, halogen or CF.sub.3, or such a radical wherein one or more CH.sub.2 groups is replaced, in each case independently of one another, by --S--, --O--, ##STR1## --CO--, --CO--O--, --O--CO-- or --O--CO--O-- in such a manner that sulfur and/or oxygen atoms are not linked directly to one another,A.sup.1, A.sup.2 and A.sup.3, in each case independently of one another, are(a) a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene radical or --S-- one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1991Date of Patent: February 23, 1993Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Ekkehard Bartmann, Reinhard Hittich, Herbert Plach, Ulrich Finkenzeller
-
Patent number: 5151213Abstract: Fluorine-containing aromatic compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is alkyl having up to 12 C atoms or alkenyl having 2 to 12 C atoms,Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 are each, independently of one another, --O-- or a single bond, and one of the radicals Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 is alternatively trans-1,4-cyclohexylene,T.sup.1 is ##STR2## T.sup.2 is ##STR3## R.sup.2 is F, Cl, --CF.sub.3, --OCF.sub.3, --OCHF.sub.2 or one of the meanings of R.sup.1, andL.sup.1, L.sup.2,L.sup.3 and L.sup.4 are each H or F,are suitable as components of liquid-crystalline phases for IR shutters.Type: GrantFiled: July 18, 1990Date of Patent: September 29, 1992Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Volker Reiffenrath, Ulrich Finkenzeller
-
Patent number: 5143642Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium for electrooptical display elements based on the ECB effect, containing two components A and B which themselves comprise one or more individual compounds, component A having clearly negative dielectric anistropy and giving the liquid-crystalline phase a dielectric anistrophy of .ltoreq.-0.3, and component B having pronounced nematogeneity and a viscosity of not more than 30 mPa.s at 20.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1991Date of Patent: September 1, 1992Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Joachim Krause, Thomas Geelhaar, Reinhard Hittich, Ulrich Finkenzeller, Bernhard Rieger, Georg Weber