Abstract: Silicic acid or silica particles having initially surface-located hydroxyl groups are modified by replacing at least partially the hydroxyl groups by an organic group to impart the particles with emulsion-breaking and foam-destroying properties. Processes for preparing the modified particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: Particles less than 100 .mu.m in size and modified by hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups wherein the hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups are distributed anisotropically on the surface of the modified particles. Processes for the preparation of such particles and the use of such particles as surface active products, especially for stabilizing or destablizing emulsions and foams as well as for tertiary oil recovery.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is the hydrocarbon radical of a fatty acid with 16 to 18 carbon atoms, isostearic acid or a mixture thereof,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or the ##STR2## radical, x, y and z are whole numbersand the sum of x+y+z has a value from 50 to 60.The invention furthermore relates to the synthesis of these compounds as well as to the use of these compounds as thickening agents, especially for aqueous, surfactant-containing solutions and as solubilizing agents, especially for cosmetic preparations.

Abstract: Organopolysiloxanes with Bunte salt groups having the formula ##EQU1## the Bunte salt groups being linked to a silicon atom by way of a carbon atom and in whichR.sup.1 is methyl with the proviso that up to 10% of the R.sup.1 groups may be alkyl with up to 18 carbon atoms or vinyl phenyl, hydrogen or hydroxyl,R.sup.2 is the ##STR1## group or the ##STR2## group, in which one of the R.sup.3, R.sup.4 groups represents an OH group and the other an --S.sub.2 O.sub.3 Me group (Me=alkali or the optionally substituted ammonium group), whereby the R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 radicals can be hydroxyl or together the oxygen of an oxirane ring in an amount up to 50% of the R.sup.2 group,a has any value from 1 to 2.33 andb has any value from 0.02 to 1.The compounds can be synthesized from the corresponding organopolysiloxanes having epoxy groups by reaction with alkali or ammonium thiosulfate and used for the surface treatment of inorganic or organic materials, for example, textiles, paper or rock wool.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of heat-curable resins, usable especially as electrically insulating resins, by the reaction of alkoxy siloxanes of the formula ##STR1## in which OR.sup.1 represents an alkoxy group of primary or secondary aliphatic alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sup.2 represents an alkyl or a phenyl group,a has a value of 1.0 to 1.5,b has a value of 0.1 to 1.0; witha mixture of low molecular weight, multihydric alcohols consisting of(a) 25 to 95 mole percent of neopentylglycol hydroxypivalate, and(b) 75 to 5 mole percent of a low molecular weight, at least trihydric alcoholat temperatures of 80.degree. to 200.degree. C. The resins thus prepared can be utilized advantageously for the insulation of generators, transformers and the like. They possess high elasticity and excellent adhesion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hardenable adhesive, which contains as effective components at least one polyol and one polyisocyanate and/or their prepolymers as well as additionally conventional additives, such as, accelerators, gluing auxiliaries, pigments and/or fillers. It is characteristic of the inventive adhesive that it contains, as a polyol, the reaction product of a novolak of average molecular weight from 300 to 1200 with an oxirane of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is hydrogen, or an optionally halogenated hydrocarbon group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or the --CH.sub.2 OR.sup.2 group, in which R.sup.2 represents an alkyl or an alkenyl group, the R.sup.1 group within the polymeric molecule being the same or different, there being added, on the average, 1 to 7 moles of the oxirane per hydroxyl group of the novolak, and the polyol and the polyisocyanate being present in such a ratio that 0.95 to 1.25 isocyanate groups of the polyisocyanate correspond to one hydroxyl group of the polyol.

Abstract: Guanidinium salts having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are linear alkyl residues,X is an anion, andn is 1 or 2,which possess excellent microbicidal properties, particularly against organisms which have become resistant against other active materials. Methods for preparation of the compounds and solutions containing same are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preparing thermosettable urea-formaldehyde resins having a urea to formaldehyde molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:1.5 wherein urea and formaldehyde are first reacted in an aqueous solution at a molar ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:4 in the pH range between 7.5 to 10, and then condensing the reactants in a pH range from 4 to 6 to a precipitation number of 1:1.5 to 1:10, thereafter adjusting the pH to 7 to 10 and adding the remaining urea to obtain a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:1.5 and continuing the reaction until a precipitation number of 1:0.5 to 1:3 is obtained. The products obtained have a uniform molecular weight and good penetration properties when used to impregnate supporting webs for coating wood-based panels.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of hardenable urea-formaldehyde resins for use in impregnating and coating carrier webs wherein urea and formaldehyde are first reacted in the presence of an aminosulfonic acid and ammonia, additional aminosulfonic acid is added and the mixture is further reacted to adjust the viscosity of the solution and then additional ammonia and urea are added to the reaction mixture and the mixture is further reacted to adjust the viscosity thereof, and wherein a polymer formed from the monomers of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 =H or CH.sub.3,R.sup.2 =O,R.sup.3 =OH, NH.sub.2, OC.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 wherein n is a whole number from 1 to 4, OC.sub.m H.sub.2m OH wherein m is a whole number from 1 to 6, or OC.sub.m H.sub.2m OC.sub.n H.sub.2n+1, orR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are both N,is added in the form of an emulsion or dispersion.The product obtained by this process is particularly useful for coating wood-based panels in both short-cycle as well as multi-daylight presses.

Abstract: This invention relates to a microbiocidal composition comprising a carrier and a microbiocidally effective amount of 1,3-di-n-decyl-2-methyl-imidazolium chloride or bromide.

Abstract: Novel quaternary imidazolium compounds and the use of quaternary imidazolium compounds as plant growth regulants and the preparation of certain quaternary imidazolium derivatives.

Abstract: Novel imidazole derivatives, the use of certain imidazole derivatives as plant growth regulants and the preparation of certain new imidazole derivatives.

Abstract: This invention relates to a compound or mixture of compounds having the general formula ##STR1## in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl group containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms, at least one R being alkyl, and x is 0 or 1. The invention also relates to a process for making the novel compound or mixture thereof, a process for killing microbes using the novel compound or mixture thereof, and a microbiocidal composition using the novel compound or mixture thereof.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of solutions of hardenable urea-formaldehyde resins which are suitable for impregnating paper supports used for coating wood-based panels wherein urea and formaldehyde are first mixed in specific mole ratios and reacted for a period of time to a given viscosity, an aminosulfonic acid is then added and the pH is controlled with ammonia to further react the mixture and finally, additional ammonia and urea are added to produce the final viscosity product wherein a portion of the initial urea is replaced with a melamine which results in significant improvements in the temperature and pH control of the process.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a straight-chain alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 is a straight-chain alkyl group having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, and X is chlorine or bromine. The invention further relates to novel microbiocidal compositions containing the novel compounds, and also to a process for preparing the novel compounds.

Abstract: Piperazine derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3, independently of one another, are each optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl which is optionally substituted in the aryl part, andN is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4,Exhibit powerful plant growth-regulating properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a microbiocidal composition comprising a carrier and a compound having the formula ##STR1## in which N AND M ARE 0 OR 1, AND N IS 0 IF M IS 0, ANDR is hydrogen or a --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 OH group, at least one R being a --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 OH group. The invention also relates to a process for killing microbes and to certain novel compositions of matter.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for making carrier sheets containing hardenable polyester resins by treating the carrier sheets with solutions or emulsions of polyester resins, which comprisesA. impregnating the carrier sheet with an aqueous solution of a hardenable water-soluble polyester resin,B. substantially drying the carrier sheet containing the aqueous solution of the hardenable polyester resin,C. applying a polymerizable unsaturated compound onto the resin-containing carrier sheet in a quantity sufficient for subsequent cross-linking,D. coating the treated resin-containing carrier sheet with a solution or an aqueous dispersion of a water-insoluble hardenable polyester resin containing a cross-linking agent, andE. substantially drying the resultant product of the process.