Abstract: A display panel with a first panel side and a second panel side is included in a display device. The display panel displays at least one graphic display object. The display panel includes a first layer which is a pixel matrix and a second layer which includes a plurality of predetermined primary subareas. The display device includes control circuitry to enable the displaying of the graphic display object based on a predefined display alignment in one of a first orientation and a second orientation. The control circuitry adjusts a respective light transmission to a predetermined individual degree for each of the predetermined primary subareas independent of each other based on a physical environment condition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a diesel engine in which an air ratio (?) of the fuel which is to be burnt and of the combustion air supplied is set by a control unit (14) according to predetermined values. When a value (15) which is predetermined as a switching criterion is recorded, the control unit (14) switches to a special operating mode for regeneration of a catalytic converter (22) and sets the fuel/air ratio according to predetermined values for this operating mode. To achieve more effective regeneration of the catalytic converter, according to the invention it is provided that at least one afterinjection, which is separated in time from a main injection, of fuel which is also to be burnt takes place in the special operating mode.

Abstract: In a method for operating a diesel engine and a diesel engine, wherein engine emission control is provided by switching between a lean mode with superstoichiometric combustion air ratio ?>1 and a rich mode with substoichiometric combustion air ratio ?<1, the engine-torque fluctuations during the switching are determined and engine parameters which influence the engine torque, are adjusted so as to keep the engine torque constant during the switchover.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a diesel engine in which an air ratio (&lgr;) of the fuel which is to be burnt and of the combustion air supplied is set by a control unit (14) according to predetermined values. When a value (15) which is predetermined as a switching criterion is recorded, the control unit (14) switches to a special operating mode for regeneration of a catalytic converter (22) and sets the fuel/air ratio according to predetermined values for this operating mode.

Abstract: In a method for operating a combustion engine having an exhaust-gas turbocharger, it is possible to switch over between a normal operation and a special operation. In the special operation, at least one main fuel injection and at least one secondary fuel injection are provided. In response to a positive load jump, a switch-over between the normal operation and the special operation provided for increasing the exhaust gas enthalpy is performed, the secondary fuel injection in the special operation being adjusted so that it substantially burns in the combustion chamber and causes an increase in the exhaust gas enthalpy as well as an adjustment of a rich or a lean exhaust gas composition. The method according to the present invention may be used, for example, in a motor vehicle having a diesel engine.

Abstract: In a method for operating a diesel engine and a diesel engine, wherein engine emission control is provided by switching between a lean mode with superstoichiometric combustion air ratio &lgr;>1 and a rich mode with substoichiometric combustion air ratio &lgr;<1, the engine-torque fluctuations during the switching are determined and engine parameters which influence the engine torque, are adjusted so as to keep the engine torque constant during the switchover.

Abstract: In a method for operating a combustion engine having an exhaust-gas turbocharger, it is possible to switch over between a normal operation and a special operation. In the special operation, at least one main fuel injection and at least one secondary fuel injection are provided. In response to a positive load jump, a switch-over between the normal operation and the special operation provided for increasing the exhaust gas enthalpy is performed, the secondary fuel injection in the special operation being adjusted so that it substantially burns in the combustion chamber and causes an increase in the exhaust gas enthalpy as well as an adjustment of a rich or a lean exhaust gas composition. The method according to the present invention may be used, for example, in a motor vehicle having a diesel engine.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the recovery and reuse of heat contained in the wet exhaust gases emanating from a solids dryer or liquor concentrator, particularly one in which drying or concentration is facilitated by purging the vapor with some noncondensable gas such as air or nitrogen. Water or solvent vapor in the moist exhaust mixture is separated from the noncondensable gas or gases by preferentially passing the vapor through a semipermeable membrane. The water or solvent vapor is then compressed and subsequently condensed in a heat exchanger, permitting recovery of its latent heat of vaporization for reuse in the evaporation process. In a drying process, this recovered energy is conveniently used to reheat the dry gases that exit from the membrane separator, permitting the hot, dry gases to be recirculated through the dryer. Alternatively, an indirect heat exchanger may be used to transfer this heat to the material being dried.