Abstract: The invention relates to a distillation unit (100 000) which is designed for a continuous distillation process and to a method for a continuous operation for separating a liquid substance mixture (10) into two to six liquid product flows (201, 202, . . . ) with different compositions and into a gaseous product flow (300). For this purpose, an evaporation unit (10 000) is provided consisting of multiple evaporation devices (10 000-1, 10 000-2, . . . ), wherein each evaporation device has a circuit device (1 200-1, 1 200-2, . . . ) for recirculating a sub-quantity of each of the liquid sump flows (22, 21, . . . ) of an evaporation device into the respective evaporation device, and each of the circuit devices additionally has a discharge device (1 300-1, 1 300-2, . . . ) for providing one of the liquid product flows (201, 202, . . . ).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the extrusion of polymer compositions based on polyvinylchloride (PVC) as a semifinished PVC product, in particular as pellets, and in particular to a method in which homogeneous polymer compositions with an elongation at break of 0 to 270%, a tensile strength of at least 1 N/mm2 and a degree of gelation of 5 to 80% are produced by using a specific energy input SEI of 0.03 to 0.09 kWh/kg. The method according to the invention is expediently conducted by a plasticizer being added in a number of portions to the non-compounded polyvinylchloride and mixed in with it. The method according to the invention thereby offers a quick and easy possible way of producing semifinished plasticized PVC products, in particular as pellets, the production of which only requires a single processing device in the form of an extruder.

Abstract: The extrusion of polymer compositions based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and in particular to a method in which polymer compositions are produced that have an elongation at break of at least 200%, a tensile strength of at least 10 N/mm2 with a specific energy input SEI of 0.03 to 0.20 kWh/kg and in particular 0.04 to 0.16 kWh/kg. The method is expediently carried out such that a plasticizer is added in a plurality of portions to the non-composed polyvinyl chloride and mixed into said polyvinyl chloride. The method thereby offers a fast and simple possibility of producing products from finished soft PVC, the production of said products requiring only a single processing device in the form of an extruder.

Abstract: There is proposed a method for pre-reforming a hydrocarbonaceous feed stream into a pre-reforming product containing carbon oxides, hydrogen and hydrocarbons, in which the adiabatically operated pre-reforming reactor comprises at least two reaction zones designed as fixed beds in a common reactor vessel, which are in fluid connection with each other and are filled with beds of granular, nickel-containing catalyst active for pre-reforming, wherein the first reaction zone in flow direction is filled with a catalyst active for high-temperature pre-reforming and the last reaction zone in flow direction is filled with a catalyst active for low-temperature pre-reforming.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a curing agent for moisture-curing compositions which includes at least one aqueous emulsion of at least one epoxy resin. Curing agents according to the invention are especially used for the accelerated curing of moisture-curing compositions which are based on polyurethane polymers that have isocyanate groups or of silane-functional polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a two-component composition, including a component A, which includes at least one silane-functional polymer and at least one hardener or accelerator for epoxy resins, and a component B, which includes at least one aqueous emulsion of at least one epoxy resin. Two-component compositions according to the invention are suitable as adhesives, sealants or coatings.

Abstract: The extrusion of polymer compositions based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and in particular to a method in which polymer compositions are produced that have an elongation at break of at least 200%, a tensile strength of at least 10 N/mm2 with a specific energy input SEI of 0.03 to 0.20 kWh/kg and in particular 0.04 to 0.16 kWh/kg. The method is expediently carried out such that a plasticiser is added in a plurality of portions to the non-composed polyvinyl chloride and mixed into said polyvinyl chloride. The method thereby offers a fast and simple possibility of producing products from finished soft PVC, the production of said products requiring only a single processing device in the form of an extruder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the extrusion of polymer compositions based on polyvinylchloride (PVC) as a semifinished PVC product, in particular as pellets, and in particular to a method in which homogeneous polymer compositions with an elongation at break of 0 to 270%, a tensile strength of at least 1 N/mm2 and a degree of gelation of 5 to 80% are produced by using a specific energy input SEI of 0.03 to 0.09 kWh/kg. The method according to the invention is expediently conducted by a plasticizer being added in a number of portions to the non-compounded polyvinylchloride and mixed in with it. The method according to the invention thereby offers a quick and easy possible way of producing semifinished plasticized PVC products, in particular as pellets, the production of which only requires a single processing device in the form of an extruder.

Abstract: A novel steam reformer unit design, a novel hydrogen PSA unit design, a novel hydrogen/nitrogen enrichment unit design, and novel processing scheme application are presented.

Abstract: There is proposed a method for pre-reforming a hydrocarbonaceous feed stream into a pre-reforming product containing carbon oxides, hydrogen and hydrocarbons, in which the adiabatically operated pre-reforming reactor comprises at least two reaction zones designed as fixed beds in a common reactor vessel, which are in fluid connection with each other and are filled with beds of granular, nickel-containing catalyst active for pre-reforming, wherein the first reaction zone in flow direction is filled with a catalyst active for high-temperature pre-reforming and the last reaction zone in flow direction is filled with a catalyst active for low-temperature pre-reforming.

Abstract: A reformer tube for producing synthesis gas by steam reforming of hydrocarbon-containing feed gases, preferably natural gas, includes one or more helically coiled heat exchanger tubes which are arranged within a catalyst bed of a reforming catalyst and are helically coiled over part of their length located within the catalyst bed and are otherwise straight are present, where the straight proportion of the heat exchanger tubes and/or the helix pitch of the helically coiled part alters within the catalyst bed and matching to requirements of the pressure drop, the heat exchange properties, and the corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A safety means for protecting a plant section located on the pressure side of a jet compressor connected with a propellant system against the exceedance of an admissible pressure, comprising a controlled safety valve actuated by external energy, whose control means measures is connected with the plant section to be protected via at least one pressure tapping line, wherein the safety valve is arranged such that upon exceedance of the pressure in the protected plant section it can vent propellant from the propellant system.

Abstract: A method for producing a synthesis-gas product gas and a vapor stream includes catalytic steam reforming a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock in a steam reformer. The hot synthesis-gas product gas stream is cooled in a heat exchanger to form a cooled synthesis-gas product gas stream and a first partial vapor stream, which is supplied to the product vapor stream. The reforming furnace is operated so as to burn a burner feedstock in burners, cool a hot flue gas stream from the burners in a heat exchanger to form a cooled flue gas stream and a second partial vapor stream, and separate the cooled flue gas stream into a waste gas stream and a flue gas recirculation stream. The flow of the recirculated flue gas is increased with decreasing flow of the synthesis-gas product gas to obtain an approximately constant product vapor stream by increasing the second partial vapor stream.

Abstract: A reformer tube for producing synthesis gas by steam reforming of hydrocarbon-containing feed gases, preferably natural gas, includes one or more helically coiled heat exchanger tubes which are arranged within a catalyst bed of a reforming catalyst and are helically coiled over part of their length located within the catalyst bed and are otherwise straight are present, where the straight proportion of the heat exchanger tubes and/or the helix pitch of the helically coiled part alters within the catalyst bed and matching to requirements of the pressure drop, the heat exchange properties, and the corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A safety means for protecting a plant section located on the pressure side of a jet compressor connected with a propellant system against the exceedance of an admissible pressure, comprising a controlled safety valve actuated by external energy, whose control means measures is connected with the plant section to be protected via at least one pressure tapping line, wherein the safety valve is arranged such that upon exceedance of the pressure in the protected plant section it can vent propellant from the propellant system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a two-component composition, including a component A, which includes at least one silane-functional polymer and at least one hardener or accelerator for epoxy resins, and a component B, which includes at least one aqueous emulsion of at least one epoxy resin. Two-component compositions according to the invention are suitable as adhesives, sealants or coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a curing agent for moisture-curing compositions which includes at least one aqueous emulsion of at least one epoxy resin. Curing agents according to the invention are especially used for the accelerated curing of moisture-curing compositions which are based on polyurethane polymers that have isocyanate groups or of silane-functional polymers.

Abstract: In a process for producing synthesis gas by catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons contained in a desulfurized feed gas stream with steam, the mixture of feed gas and steam is preheated by heat exchange at a pressure of 10 to 45 bar to a temperature of 300 to 700° C. and is subsequently heated by heat exchange above a catalyst at a pressure of 10 to 45 bar to a temperature of 650 to 950° C. To minimize the apparatus involved, it is provided that the mixture of feed gas and steam traverses a catalyst bed contained in a reaction tank, and the catalyst bed is heated by thermal radiation and convection.

Abstract: A method for producing a synthesis-gas product gas and a vapor stream includes catalytic steam reforming a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock in a steam reformer. The hot synthesis-gas product gas stream is cooled in a heat exchanger to form a cooled synthesis-gas product gas stream and a first partial vapor stream, which is supplied to the product vapor stream. The reforming furnace is operated so as to burn a burner feedstock in burners, cool a hot flue gas stream from the burners in a heat exchanger to form a cooled flue gas stream and a second partial vapor stream, and separate the cooled flue gas stream into a waste gas stream and a flue gas recirculation stream. The flow of the recirculated flue gas is increased with decreasing flow of the synthesis-gas product gas to obtain an approximately constant product vapor stream by increasing the second partial vapor stream.

Abstract: A novel steam reformer unit design, a novel hydrogen PSA unit design, a novel hydrogen/nitrogen enrichment unit design, and novel processing scheme application are presented.