Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate. A first capacitor includes a first top plate and a first bottom plate above the substrate. The first top plate is coupled to a first metal electrode within an inter-level dielectric (ILD) layer to access the first capacitor. A second capacitor includes a second top plate and a second bottom plate, where the second top plate is coupled to a second metal electrode within the ILD layer to access the second capacitor. The second metal electrode is disjoint from the first metal electrode. The first capacitor is accessed through the first metal electrode without accessing the second capacitor through the second metal electrode. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate. A first capacitor includes a first top plate and a first bottom plate above the substrate. The first top plate is coupled to a first metal electrode within an inter-level dielectric (ILD) layer to access the first capacitor. A second capacitor includes a second top plate and a second bottom plate, where the second top plate is coupled to a second metal electrode within the ILD layer to access the second capacitor. The second metal electrode is disjoint from the first metal electrode. The first capacitor is accessed through the first metal electrode without accessing the second capacitor through the second metal electrode. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate. A first set of memory cells and a first selector are formed within a first group of metal layers and inter-level dielectric (ILD) layers above the substrate. A second set of memory cells and a second selector are formed within a second group of metal layers and ILD layers above the first group of metal layers and ILD layers. The first selector is coupled to the first set of memory cells to select one or more memory cells of the first set of memory cells based on a first control signal. In addition, the second selector is coupled to the second set of memory cells to select one or more memory cells of the second set of memory cells based on a second control signal. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate, a first inter-level dielectric (ILD) layer above the substrate, and a second ILD layer above the first ILD layer. A first capacitor and a second capacitor are formed within the first ILD layer and the second ILD layer. A first top plate of the first capacitor and a second top plate of the second capacitor are formed at a boundary between the first ILD layer and the second ILD layer. The first capacitor and the second capacitor are separated by a dielectric area in the first ILD layer. The dielectric area includes a first dielectric area that is coplanar with the first top plate or the second top plate, and a second dielectric area above the first dielectric area and to separate the first top plate and the second top plate. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Described herein are two transistor (2T) memory cells that use TFTs as access and gain transistors. When one or both transistors of a 2T memory cell are implemented as TFTs, these transistors may be provided in different layers above a substrate, enabling a stacked architecture. An example 2T memory cell includes an access TFT provided in a first layer over a substrate, and a gain TFT provided in a second layer over the substrate, the first layer being between the substrate and the second layer (i.e., the gain TFT is stacked in a layer above the access TFT). Stacked TFT based 2T memory cells allow increasing density of memory cells in a memory array having a given footprint area, or, conversely, reducing the footprint area of the memory array with a given memory cell density.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device having an interconnect structure including an inter-level dielectric (ILD) layer between a first layer and a second layer of the interconnect structure. The interconnect structure further includes a separation layer within the ILD layer. The ILD layer includes a first area with a first height to extend from a first surface of the ILD layer to a second surface of the ILD layer. The ILD layer further includes a second area with a second height to extend from the first surface of the ILD layer to a surface of the separation layer, where the first height is larger than the second height. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate, a first inter-level dielectric (ILD) layer above the substrate, and a second ILD layer above the first ILD layer. A first capacitor and a second capacitor are formed within the first ILD layer and the second ILD layer. A first top plate of the first capacitor and a second top plate of the second capacitor are formed at a boundary between the first ILD layer and the second ILD layer. The first capacitor and the second capacitor are separated by a dielectric area in the first ILD layer. The dielectric area includes a first dielectric area that is coplanar with the first top plate or the second top plate, and a second dielectric area above the first dielectric area and to separate the first top plate and the second top plate. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: An electromagnetic stimulator and iontophoresis device used in treating retina and optical nerve diseases is provided. The electromagnetic stimulator and iontophoresis device enables to reach required threshold values for treating the retina and optical nerve diseases with magnetic fields to eliminate a thermal damage risk formed at a cellular level by cooling cages closed over electromagnetic coils, and allows usage by a patient alone at home, who has low vision, without receiving any professional help by an audio command guidance system including a speaker.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate oriented in a horizontal direction, and a memory cell including a transistor and a capacitor above the substrate. The transistor includes a gate electrode oriented in a vertical direction substantially orthogonal to the horizontal direction, and a channel layer oriented in the vertical direction, around the gate electrode and separated by a gate dielectric layer from the gate electrode. The capacitor is within an inter-level dielectric layer above the substrate. The capacitor includes a first plate coupled with a second portion of the channel layer of the transistor, and a second plate separated from the first plate by a capacitor dielectric layer. The first plate of the capacitor is also a source electrode of the transistor. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Described herein are arrays of embedded dynamic random-access memory (eDRAM) cells that use TFTs as selector transistors. When at least some selector transistors are implemented as TFTs, different eDRAM cells may be provided in different layers above a substrate, enabling a stacked architecture. An example stacked TFT based eDRAM includes one or more memory cells provided in a first layer over a substrate and one or more memory cells provided in a second layer, above the first layer, where at least the memory cells in the second layer, but preferably the memory cells in both the first and second layers, use TFTs as selector transistors. Stacked TFT based eDRAM allows increasing density of memory cells in a memory array having a given footprint area, or, conversely, reducing the footprint area of the memory array with a given memory cell density.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate. A first set of memory cells and a first selector are formed within a first group of metal layers and inter-level dielectric (ILD) layers above the substrate. A second set of memory cells and a second selector are formed within a second group of metal layers and ILD layers above the first group of metal layers and ILD layers. The first selector is coupled to the first set of memory cells to select one or more memory cells of the first set of memory cells based on a first control signal. In addition, the second selector is coupled to the second set of memory cells to select one or more memory cells of the second set of memory cells based on a second control signal. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device having an interconnect structure including an inter-level dielectric (ILD) layer between a first layer and a second layer of the interconnect structure. The interconnect structure further includes a separation layer within the ILD layer. The ILD layer includes a first area with a first height to extend from a first surface of the ILD layer to a second surface of the ILD layer. The ILD layer further includes a second area with a second height to extend from the first surface of the ILD layer to a surface of the separation layer, where the first height is larger than the second height. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate, a first inter-level dielectric (ILD) layer above the substrate, and a second ILD layer above the first ILD layer. A first capacitor and a second capacitor are formed within the first ILD layer and the second ILD layer. A first top plate of the first capacitor and a second top plate of the second capacitor are formed at a boundary between the first ILD layer and the second ILD layer. The first capacitor and the second capacitor are separated by a dielectric area in the first ILD layer. The dielectric area includes a first dielectric area that is coplanar with the first top plate or the second top plate, and a second dielectric area above the first dielectric area and to separate the first top plate and the second top plate. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate. A first capacitor includes a first top plate and a first bottom plate above the substrate. The first top plate is coupled to a first metal electrode within an inter-level dielectric (ILD) layer to access the first capacitor. A second capacitor includes a second top plate and a second bottom plate, where the second top plate is coupled to a second metal electrode within the ILD layer to access the second capacitor. The second metal electrode is disjoint from the first metal electrode. The first capacitor is accessed through the first metal electrode without accessing the second capacitor through the second metal electrode. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate, a first inter-level dielectric (ILD) layer above the substrate, and a second ILD layer above the first ILD layer. The semiconductor device further includes a capacitor having a bottom plate above the substrate, a capacitor dielectric layer adjacent to and above the bottom plate, and a top plate adjacent to and above the capacitor dielectric layer. The bottom plate, the capacitor dielectric layer, and the top plate are within the first ILD layer or the second ILD layer. Furthermore, an air gap is formed next to the top plate and below a top surface of the second ILD layer. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for a semiconductor device including a substrate oriented in a horizontal direction, and a memory cell including a transistor and a capacitor above the substrate. The transistor includes a gate electrode oriented in a vertical direction substantially orthogonal to the horizontal direction, and a channel layer oriented in the vertical direction, around the gate electrode and separated by a gate dielectric layer from the gate electrode. The capacitor is within an inter-level dielectric layer above the substrate. The capacitor includes a first plate coupled with a second portion of the channel layer of the transistor, and a second plate separated from the first plate by a capacitor dielectric layer. The first plate of the capacitor is also a source electrode of the transistor. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Described herein are two transistor (2T) memory cells that use TFTs as access and gain transistors. When one or both transistors of a 2T memory cell are implemented as TFTs, these transistors may be provided in different layers above a substrate, enabling a stacked architecture. An example 2T memory cell includes an access TFT provided in a first layer over a substrate, and a gain TFT provided in a second layer over the substrate, the first layer being between the substrate and the second layer (i.e., the gain TFT is stacked in a layer above the access TFT). Stacked TFT based 2T memory cells allow increasing density of memory cells in a memory array having a given footprint area, or, conversely, reducing the footprint area of the memory array with a given memory cell density.

Abstract: Described herein are arrays of embedded dynamic random-access memory (eDRAM) cells that use TFTs as selector transistors. When at least some selector transistors are implemented as TFTs, different eDRAM cells may be provided in different layers above a substrate, enabling a stacked architecture. An example stacked TFT based eDRAM includes one or more memory cells provided in a first layer over a substrate and one or more memory cells provided in a second layer, above the first layer, where at least the memory cells in the second layer, but preferably the memory cells in both the first and second layers, use TFTs as selector transistors. Stacked TFT based eDRAM allows increasing density of memory cells in a memory array having a given footprint area, or, conversely, reducing the footprint area of the memory array with a given memory cell density.

Abstract: Some embodiments include apparatuses having a resistive memory device and methods to apply a combination of voltage stepping current stepping and pulse width stepping during an operation of changing a resistance of a memory cell of the resistive memory device. The apparatuses also include a write termination circuit to limit drive current provided to a memory cell of the resistive memory device during a particular time of an operation performed on the memory cell. The apparatuses further include a programmable variable resistor and resistor control circuit that operate during sensing operation of the memory device.

Abstract: Some embodiments include apparatuses having a resistive memory device and methods to apply a combination of voltage stepping current stepping and pulse width stepping during an operation of changing a resistance of a memory cell of the resistive memory device. The apparatuses also include a write termination circuit to limit drive current provided to a memory cell of the resistive memory device during a particular time of an operation performed on the memory cell. The apparatuses further include a programmable variable resistor and resistor control circuit that operate during sensing operation of the memory device.