Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include metal boride nanoparticles, methods of making metal boride nanoparticles, methods of using metal boride nanoparticle, metal oxide nanoparticles, methods of making metal oxide nanoparticles, methods of using metal oxide nanoparticle, and the like.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to multilayered materials that are designed to roll spontaneously into micron-sized, cylindrical “jelly roll” or scroll structures. Specifically in this disclosure, at least one of the layers is comprised of a nanosheet material.

Abstract: Methods for derivatizing the surface of a substrate having a plurality of thiol groups thereon are disclosed herein. The method can include reacting the thiol groups with an o-quinone methide, which can optionally be generated by irradiating an o-quinone methide precursor compound. In some embodiments, the method can advantageously be reversible. Exemplary o-quinone methides having a cyclic alkyne attached thereto, and precursor compounds for generating such compounds, are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: In one embodiment, measuring mitochondrial capacity includes performing arterial occlusions on a patient, measuring oxygenated hemoglobin/myoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin/myoglobin within the patient's body during the occlusions, calculating a blood volume correction factor that accounts for a change in blood volume that occurs during the arterial occlusions, and applying the correction factor to the measured oxygenated hemoglobin/myoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin/myoglobin measurements to obtain correct oxygenated hemoglobin/myoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin/myoglobin measurements.

Abstract: The present invention presents the isolation, characterization and synthesis of oligosaccharides of Bacillus anthracis. Also presented are antibodies that bind to such saccharide moieties and various methods of use for such saccharide moieties and antibodies.

Abstract: Compounds, methods, and compositions for the treatment of infections in or exposure to humans and other host animals of Flaviviridae viruses, including HCV, that includes the administration of an effective amount of a spiro[2.4]heptane as described herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, optionally in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, are provided. The spiro[2.4]heptane compounds either possess antiviral activity, or are metabolized to a compound that exhibits such activity.

Abstract: The present invention includes a composition including as one component a slurry matrix that is a liquid at room temperature and a gel at physiological pH, physiological salt concentrations and/or physiological temperatures and as a second component one or more antigens. Also include are methods of inducing an immune response in a subject and vaccinating a subject by administering such compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of plant breeding and aphid resistance. More specifically, the invention includes a method for breeding soybean plants containing quantitative trait loci that are associated with resistance to aphids, Aphis glycines. The invention further includes method for monitoring the introgression quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring aphid resistance into elite germplasm in a breeding program.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes methods of simultaneous analyte separation and detection using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-active ultra thin layer chromatography (UTLC) chips. The SERS-active UTLC chips of the present disclosure are used to physically separate compounds within a mixture, which are then identified based on their unique SERS spectra.

Abstract: Polypeptides with tubulin acetyltransferase activity are described, as are nucleic acids encoding said polypeptides, and methods of use. The invention further provides enhancers and inhibitors of tubulin acetyltransferase activity, as well as cells having altered tubulin transferase activity.

Abstract: Compositions and methods relating to identification of the sorghum grain shattering gene (Sh1) for use in modulating fruit dehiscence in a plant are provided. For example, methods are provided for developing genetically modified plant varieties in which the natural seed dispersal process is delayed. Likewise, methods are provided for treating a plant in order to delay fruit dehiscence in the plant. Screening methods are also provided for identifying chemical agents that can modify natural seed dispersal.

Abstract: The present invention includes IFNS activating agents that activate expression of IFN-?, activate NF-?B expression, activate an innate immune response, activate the expression of one or more cytokines, and/or induce the expression of interferon beta (IFN-?) through a RNase L and/or MDA5-dependent pathway. Such IFNS activating agents include single stranded RNAs that encode for conserved region II of the L protein of a negative stranded RNA virus, including, but not limited to, viruses of the family Paramyxoviridae. Also included are methods of making and using such IFNS activating agents and compositions and kits including such IFNS activating agents.

Abstract: This invention provides a quantitative analysis of glycan biosynthesis along meta pathways using computer simulation for comparing a computer generated spectrum to experimental data to quantitatively track the biosynthesis. Computer simulating the mass spectra of isotopic detection of aminosugars with glutamine experiments allows modeling the glycan biosynthesis over time, via changes in the 14N and 15N isotope abundance levels, to estimate the relative abundance of molecules involved in glycan biosynthesis, from experimental mass spectra. Gradient search optimization is used to maximize the coefficient of determination between the experimental spectrum and the simulated spectrum. These relative abundances are then fed into a pathway simulation model to analyze glycan biosynthesis.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to biological optimization systems for enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and methods of use.