Abstract: Provided are biosynthetic processes for producing sterol derivatives, and to non-naturally occurring organisms capable of producing sterol derivatives. More specifically, genetically modified non-naturally occurring organisms for producing KCEA, KCDA, and related compounds, from cholesterol, ?-sitosterol, campesterol and their analogs, are provided.

Abstract: 7?-hydroxylation systems are provided, as well as methods for producing ?P-hydroxy derivatives of lithocholic acid and 3-keto-lithocholic acid from such systems. Also provided are recombinant organisms useful for the production of such enzymatic systems, and to plasmids that encode for such enzymes.

Abstract: Use of a catalyst in a method of reducing a substrate, the method comprising contacting a substrate with a catalyst, optionally in the presence of a co-substrate, thereby to generate a reduced substrate. The catalyst is a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 70% identity to SEQ ID NO: 7. In some methods, the substrate concentration is at least 50 mM.

Abstract: Use of a catalyst in a method of reducing a substrate, the method comprising contacting a substrate with a catalyst, optionally in the presence of a co-substrate, thereby to generate a reduced substrate. The catalyst is a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 70% identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 7 or SEQ ID NO: 9. In the method the substrate concentration is at least 50 mM.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method that includes use of a catalyst in a method of reducing a substrate, the method including contacting a substrate with a catalyst, optionally in the presence of a co-substrate, thereby to generate a reduced substrate. The catalyst is a polypeptide including an amino acid sequence having at least 70% identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 7 or SEQ ID NO: 9. In the method the substrate concentration is at least 50 mM.

Abstract: Use of a catalyst in a method of reducing a substrate, the method comprising contacting a substrate with a catalyst, optionally in the presence of a co-substrate, thereby to generate a reduced substrate. The catalyst is a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 70% identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 7 or SEQ ID NO: 9. In the method the substrate concentration is at least 50 mM.

Abstract: Use of a catalyst in a method of reducing a substrate, the method comprising contacting a substrate with a catalyst, optionally in the presence of a co-substrate, thereby to generate a reduced substrate. The catalyst is a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 70% identity to SEQ ID NO: 7. In some methods, the substrate concentration is at least 50 mM.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method that includes use of a catalyst in a method of reducing a substrate, the method including contacting a substrate with a catalyst, optionally in the presence of a co-substrate, thereby to generate a reduced substrate. The catalyst is a polypeptide including an amino acid sequence having at least 70% identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 7 or SEQ ID NO: 9.

Abstract: An automated in-line feed-through system integrating the delivery, application and infusion of a resin to one or more fiber tows and layup of the one or more infused fiber tows to form a composite structure. The system includes an automated resin delivery, deposition and infusion system configured to deposit the resin on a respective one of the one or more fiber tows and form the infused fiber tows. The system integrates an automated layup system including a compaction roller configured to adhere the one or more infused fiber tows to a substrate. The system further includes a controller configured to control a flow rate of the resin, control the temperature of the resin, the infused fiber tows and the automated layup system, and control tension of the one or more infused fiber tows within the automated layup system. Other aspects of the automated in-line system are also provided.