Abstract: The present disclosure relates to hydrophilic microporous membranes comprising a modified surface. In addition, the present disclosure relates to a process for producing such hydrophilic membranes by modification of microporous membranes with fluorinated organosilane compounds and electron beam irradiation.

Abstract: The disclosed adhesive medical article has a backing layer having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite to the first major surface. The backing layer has a central portion and an outer circumferential portion. The article further has a pressure sensitive adhesive pattern coating applied onto at least part of the first major surface of the backing layer in such a way as to form a plurality of adhesive coated and adhesive uncoated areas of the backing layer. The adhesive uncoated areas comprise a central collection portion and at least one longitudinal extension radiating from the central collection portion towards the outer circumferential portion of the backing layer.

Abstract: A method and a device for operating an internal combustion engine allow an optimal restriction of the ignition angle. In this context, a limit value for an ignition angle is specified as a function of an operating point of the internal combustion engine. The limit value for the ignition angle is corrected as a function of a misfire limit of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine (1) especially of a motor vehicle, wherein fuel, which is to be injected into a combustion chamber (4) or into an intake manifold (7) of the engine (1), is present in a pressure store (13) at a variable injection pressure (p). The injection pressure (p) in the pressure store (13) is adjusted in dependence upon the temperature (T) of the engine (1) in order to obtain an optimal operation of the engine (1) with respect to the lowest possible consumption of fuel and a lowest possible exhaust-gas emission in specific operating states of the engine (1), for example, after a cold start or during a warm-up phase. Preferably, the injection pressure (p) is increased at a temperature (T) of the engine (1) below the operating temperature thereof. In addition, the injection time point can be adjusted to later time points at low temperatures (T) of the engine (1).

Abstract: A method and a device for operating an internal combustion engine allow an optimal restriction of the ignition angle. In this context, a limit value for an ignition angle is specified as a function of an operating point of the internal combustion engine. The limit value for the ignition angle is corrected as a function of a misfire limit of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine (1) especially of a motor vehicle, wherein fuel, which is to be injected into a combustion chamber (4) or into an intake manifold (7) of the engine (1), is present in a pressure store (13) at a variable injection pressure (p). The injection pressure (p) in the pressure store (13) is adjusted in dependence upon the temperature (T) of the engine (1) in order to obtain an optimal operation of the engine (1) with respect to the lowest possible consumption of fuel and a lowest possible exhaust-gas emission in specific operating states of the engine (1), for example, after a cold start or during a warm-up phase. Preferably, the injection pressure (p) is increased at a temperature (T) of the engine (1) below the operating temperature thereof. In addition, the injection time point can be adjusted to later time points at low temperatures (T) of the engine (1).