Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst system for flow reactors which is characterized by the sequence of the noble metal-containing alloys used of the catalyst networks forming the catalyst system. By using palladium alloys for a second and third catalyst network group, the platinum content of the catalyst system can be kept relatively low overall. In addition, the invention relates to a method for catalytic combustion of ammonia, in which a fresh gas containing at least ammonia is conducted through a catalyst system.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a plurality of catalyst gauzes that are arranged in series is provided. Each catalyst gauze is made of a first noble-metal-containing wire and a second noble-metal-containing wire which is embedded in the catalyst gauze and which gives the catalyst gauze a preferential direction. The catalyst gauzes according to the invention are arranged in series such that the angles between the preferential directions of neighboring catalyst gauzes ranges from 0° to 180°. The catalyst ensures a product yield that is reproducible over time and has a long service life.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a plurality of catalyst gauzes that are arranged in series is provided. Each catalyst gauze is made of a first noble-metal-containing wire and a second noble-metal-containing wire which is embedded in the catalyst gauze and which gives the catalyst gauze a preferential direction. The catalyst gauzes according to the invention are arranged in series such that the angles between the preferential directions of neighboring catalyst gauzes are between 0° and 180°. The catalyst ensures a product yield that is reproducible over time and has a long service life.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a plurality of catalyst gauzes that are arranged in series is provided. Each catalyst gauze is made of a first noble-metal-containing wire and a second noble-metal-containing wire which is embedded in the catalyst gauze and which gives the catalyst gauze a preferential direction. The catalyst gauzes according to the invention are arranged in series such that the angles between the preferential directions of neighboring catalyst gauzes are between 0° and 180°. The catalyst ensures a product yield that is reproducible over time and has a long service life.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a plurality of catalyst gauzes that are arranged in series is provided. Each catalyst gauze is made of a first noble-metal-containing wire and a second noble-metal-containing wire which is embedded in the catalyst gauze and which gives the catalyst gauze a preferential direction. The catalyst gauzes according to the invention are arranged in series such that the angles between the preferential directions of neighboring catalyst gauzes ranges from 0° to 180°. The catalyst ensures a product yield that is reproducible over time and has a long service life.

Abstract: Methods for reducing the evaporation rate of platinum and Pt alloys upon their use at high temperatures >1,200° C. in an oxidizing atmosphere include the steps: (A) providing a component made of platinum or a platinum alloy; (B) wrapping the outer surface of the component with a flexible bandage having open porosity and provided with an oxide ceramic material and/or a glass-forming material; (C) using the component at operating temperatures >1,200° C. Methods for scavenging noble metal oxides evaporating or sublimating from the surface of platinum or Pt alloys include: (A) providing a component made of platinum or a platinum alloy; (B) wrapping the outer surface of the component with a flexible bandage having open porosity; and (C) using the component at operating temperatures >1,200° C. Correspondingly wrapped components are also provided.

Abstract: A metal fiber based on one or several elements from the group of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and iridium with 0 to 30% by weight of one or several additional alloy elements from the group of nickel, cobalt, gold, rhenium, molybdenum, and tungsten, contains 1 to 500 ppm by weight of boron or phosphorus. A non-woven material or netting, in particular for the production of nitrogen oxide or for the production of hydrocyanic acid, is made of such fibers. For the production of fibers based on noble metals having up to 30% by weight of additional alloy metals by drawing the fibers from a melt, the melting point of the metal is reduced by at least 400 ° C., before drawing of the fibers, by additionally alloying with boron or phosphorus, and the boron or the phosphorus is removed again from the fibers.

Abstract: A metal fiber based on one or several elements from the group of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and iridium with 0 to 30% by weight of one or several additional alloy elements from the group of nickel, cobalt, gold, rhenium, molybdenum, and tungsten, contains 1 to 500 ppm by weight of boron or phosphorus. A non-woven material or netting, in particular for the production of nitrogen oxide or for the production of hydrocyanic acid, is made of such fibers. For the production of fibers based on noble metals having up to 30% by weight of additional alloy metals by drawing the fibers from a melt, the melting point of the metal is reduced by at least 400° C., before drawing of the fibers, by additionally alloying with boron or phosphorus, and the boron or the phosphorus is removed again from the fibers.

Abstract: A catalyst for the decomposition of N2O under the conditions of the Ostwald process, comprising a carrier and a coating made of rhodium, rhodium/palladium or rhodium oxide applied thereto, ensures to yield NO with a particularly low content of laughing gas as the first process product.

Abstract: A metal fiber based on one or several elements from the group of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and iridium with 0 to 30% by weight of one or several additional alloy elements from the group of nickel, cobalt, gold, rhenium, molybdenum, and tungsten, contains 1 to 500 ppm by weight of boron or phosphorus. A non-woven material or netting, in particular for the production of nitrogen oxide or for the production of hydrocyanic acid, is made of such fibers. For the production of fibers based on noble metals having up to 30% by weight of additional alloy metals by drawing the fibers from a melt, the melting point of the metal is reduced by at least 400 ° C., before drawing of the fibers, by additionally alloying with boron or phosphorus, and the boron or the phosphorus is removed again from the fibers.

Abstract: A catalyst for the decomposition of N2O under the conditions of the Ostwald process, comprising a carrier and a coating made of rhodium, rhodium/palladium or rhodium oxide applied thereto, ensures to yield NO with a particularly low content of laughing gas as the first process product.

Abstract: A catalyst for the decomposition of N2O under the conditions of the Ostwald process, comprising a carrier and a coating made of rhodium, rhodium/palladium or rhodium oxide applied thereto, ensures to yield NO with a particularly low content of laughing gas as the first process product.

Abstract: A hydrogen permeation membrane including a niobium alloy with 5-25 wt. % of at least one element from the group consisting of palladium, ruthenium, rhenium, platinum, gold, and rhodium.

Abstract: A composite membrane is provided having a flexible metallic substrate for separation of hydrogen from gas mixtures, which achieves a separation ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen of greater than about 4,000 at operating temperatures higher than 300° C. The composite membrane has a layer system arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, the layer system having a rigid, non-self-supporting, nonmetallic inorganic diffusion barrier layer adjacent the substrate, and at least one hydrogen-permeable, nonporous, metallic membrane on the side of the barrier facing away from the substrate. A method for production of such a composite membrane is also provided in which the diffusion barrier layer adjoining the membrane layer is formed by PVD, CVD, sol-gel process, or sintering-on powder particles, and the membrane layer is electrodeposited on the diffusion barrier layer.

Abstract: A composite membrane is provided having a flexible metallic substrate for separation of hydrogen from gas mixtures, which achieves a separation ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen of greater than about 4,000 at operating temperatures higher than 300° C. The composite membrane has a layer system arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, the layer system having a rigid, non-self-supporting, nonmetallic inorganic diffusion barrier layer adjacent the substrate, and at least one hydrogen-permeable, nonporous, metallic membrane on the side of the barrier facing away from the substrate. A method for production of such a composite membrane is also provided in which the diffusion barrier layer adjoining the membrane layer is formed by PVD, CVD, sol-gel process, or sintering-on powder particles, and the membrane layer is electrodeposited on the diffusion barrier layer.

Abstract: A hydrogen permeation membrane including a niobium alloy with 5-25 wt. % of at least one element from the group consisting of palladium, ruthenium, rhenium, platinum, gold, and rhodium.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the production of a porous lithium cobaltite electrode plate with a large inner surface and low polarization resistance. Lithium carbonate powder and cobalt metal powder are uniformly mixed together and then films are produced from the mixture and plates from the films, which plates are sintered and then placed in an air stream for several hours at a temperature between 400° C. and 488° C. until the conversion of said plates to lithium cobaltite electrode plates with an extremely large inner surface has taken place.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing the cathode layer of a molten-carbonate fuel cell in which the cathode layer is present in a layer arrangement with a matrix layer and an anode layer. A porous cobalt or iron layer is filled with lithium carbonate, the cobalt or iron layer is oxidized at a temperature below the melting point of the lithium carbonate in an oxidizing atmosphere to form a cobalt oxide or iron oxide layer, and subsequently, after the temperature is increased above the melting point of the lithium carbonate, the cobalt oxide or iron oxide is reacted with the molten lithium carbonate to form lithium cobaltite or lithium ferrite.