Abstract: Nitrogen-free thickeners in aqueous surfactant solutions comprising polyethoxylates of mono- and/or polyunsaturated C.sub.12 -C.sub.22 fatty alcohols having an average degree of ethoxylation of 2 to 5, which also contain 1 to 2 terminal propylene oxide groups attached by condensation instead of the corresponding number of ethylene oxide groups. The products may also be used in admixture with dissolved inorganic electroltye salts and with polyethoxylates of saturated fatty alcohols. These surfactant solutions are useful in the formulation of personal hygiene preparations such as hair shampoos, foam baths, shower baths, handwashing pastes and the like.

Abstract: Alkoxylation products of organic compounds containing active H atoms with a narrow homolog distribution range is produced by using as a catalyst in the alkoxylation process a catalyst composition comprising:a. Esters of titanic and/or zirconic acid with monoalkanols containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms in combination with,b. sulfuric acid and/or alkanesulfonic acid containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms and/or hydroxyarylsulfonic acids as catalysts for the ethoxylation or propoxylation of compounds containing active H atoms provide the alkoxylation products with a narrow homolog distribution range.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium phosphates produced by reacting a dicarboxylic acid with an alkoxylated tertiary amine to prepare an amino-functional polyester, mixing the polyester in the presence of water with a phosphoric acid ester, and reacting the mixture with an alkylene oxide at elevated pressure and temperature. The quaternary ammonium phosphates are useful as anti-static agents for textile fiber materials.

Abstract: Mixtures which contain oxidized polyethylenes and selected quaternary ammonium phosphates are used as textile drawing aids for rendering polyester-containing fiber materials antistatic, smooth and/or soft.

Abstract: A process for the direct esterification of o-phosphoric acid with aliphatic fatty alcohols and/or adducts thereof with alkylene oxides and alkylphenol alkoxylates, in the presence of a substoichiometric quantity of a basic, inorganic or organic compound and a water-entraining agent.

Abstract: Alkaline earth metal salts of ether carboxylic acids corresponding to the following general formula[RO--(C.sub.m H.sub.2m O).sub.n --CH.sub.2 --COO.sup.- ].sub.x M.sup.2+(I)in which R represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.22 alkenyl, phenyl, alkylphenyl containing 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 alkyl radicals, benzyl or phenylethyl, M represents Ca, Sr or Ba, m is equal to 2 or 3, n is equal to 1 to 20 and x is equal to 2; or R is a group of the formula --CH.sub.2 --COO.sup.-, x is equal to 1 and M, m and n are as defined above, are used as catalysts for the ethoxylation or propoxylation of organic compounds containing active H atoms. They afford advantages by virtue of the solubility of the catalysts in the reaction medium and provide for a narrow homolog distribution of the polyalkoxylation products.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods for smoothing textile fibers which compositions are characterized in that they contain as lubricants an aliphatic polyether corresponding to the following general formula:R.sup.1 --X--O--R.sup.2in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are linear and/or branched, saturated and/or saturated, OH-containing or OH-free C.sub.6 -C.sub.24 alkyl radicals of natural and/or synthetic origin and X is a homopolymer or copolymer containing one or more C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene oxides having a degree of polymerization of 1 to 25, either alone or in admixture with other smoothing agents.The other smoothing agents include paraffins, polyethylenes, fatty acid ethers, silicones or polyalkylene glycols. The compositions may be applied to textile fiber in the form of solutions, emulsions or aqueous dispersions.

Abstract: Textile treatment preparations are obtained by reaction of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids or amide-forming derivatives thereof with hydroxyalkylpolyamines and subsequent neutralization of unreacted amino groups and which contain monosaccharides or polyhydroxy compounds derived therefrom by hydrogenation and also synthetic or natural polymers as dispersion accelerators which may be dispersed particularly rapidly, even in cold water, if the dispersion accelerator is present in the reaction mixture during the actual reaction.

Abstract: In the production of monoalkylphosphoric acid esters, at least one fatty alcohol or mixtures of fatty alcohols containing from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and preferably from 12 to 14 carbon atoms in a straight chain is/are reacted with a 0.2 to 2 molar excess of polyphosphoric acid at a temperature of 60.degree. to 130.degree. C.; following an after-reaction time of 120 to 300 minutes at a temperature of 95.degree. to 105.degree. C., the product of this reaction is slowly hydrolyzed at 90.degree. to 100.degree. C. with 0.5 to 1.0 mole water, based on the quantity of phosphorus atoms in the reaction mixture, the hydrolysis product is neutralized to a level of from 40 to 65% and preferably to a level of from 50 to 60%, based onthe acid number, with dilute alkali metal hydroxide, and the two phases formed are separated from one another after a residence time of 30 to 180 minutes at a temperature in the range of from 50.degree. to 95.degree. C.

Abstract: The reaction of 2-alkylimidazolines with ethylene oxide or propylene oxide gives quaternary 2-alkyl-2-imidazolinium salts corresponding to the following general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a straight-chain or branched-chain substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl radical containing from 7 to 21 carbon atoms,R.sup.2 represents one of the following radicals ##STR2## R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.4 represents hydrogen or methyl,X.sup..crclbar. represents the anion of a non-oxidizing and non-corrosive inorganic acid or of an organic mono- or polycarboxylic acid,n statistically represents a whole or fraction number of from 1 to 20, andm represents an integer of from 1 to 3, which may be used for softening laundered fabrics.

Abstract: Process for the purification of phosphoric acid partial ester mixtures in which, after the addition of a basic, non-volatile inorganic or organic compound, the unreacted fatty alcohol is directly removed from the partial ester mixture by distillation.

Abstract: Low viscosity amphoteric surfactants are prepared by quaternization of low diamine content imidazolines by a process in which certain addition and temperature parameters are strictly observed. Imidazolines suitable as a starting material may be obtained by heating fatty acids and aminoethanolamine in an inert solvent until water is eliminated, removing the water formed from the reaction mixture by azeotropic distillation and, finally, distilling off the solvent and the residual amine.

Abstract: Detergents on the basis of anionic and nonionic surfactants contain as laundering power-enhancing additives an aliphatic amine compound which is selected such that its pK.sub.b value is at least equal to 14, minus the initial pH value of a 1% aqueous solution of the detergent containing the amine compound. Laundering power-enhancing amine compounds selected according to the rule mentioned are certain ether amines, amidoamines, glucamine derivatives or morpholine derivatives.

Abstract: Alkyl sulfosuccinates based on propoxylated and propoxylated and ethoxylated fatty alcohols as flotation collectors for non-sulfidic ores and to a process for the separation of non-sulfidic ores by flotation in which the alkyl sulfosuccinates used contain one or two identical or different, straight-chain and/or branched-chain, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radicals based on propoxylated or propoxylated and ethoxylated C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 fatty alcohols.

Abstract: Hair-treatment preparations containing as additive at least one surface-active phosphonic acid corresponding to general formula I, II or III below ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents a C.sub.5 -C.sub.21 alkyl, R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, hydroxyl, or, if R.sup.2 is --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, --NH.sub.2, and R.sup.4 represents hydrogen or a lower alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a water-soluble salt thereof, improved the wet combability of hair and reduce its tendency to develop static charges. Octane-1-phosphonic acid, decane-1-phosphonic acid and dodecane-1-phosphonic acid or their salts are particularly effective. The phophonic acids are used in quantities of from 0.05 to 10% by weight, and preferably in quantities of from 0.1 to 2.0% by weight together with anionic tensides.

Abstract: A method for imparting hydrophobicity and softness to leather and skins comprising treatment thereof with at least one sulfosuccinic acid monoamide of the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' are, independently, H or a C.sub.12-24 alkyl, andone of x or y is SO.sub.2 and the other is H; either alone, or in sequence or simultaneously with at least one other hydrophobicizing agent, at least one impregnating agent, or at least one neutral oil; as well as a composition having the above ingredients.

Abstract: A textile treatment composition comprising a mixture of (A) a dispersion accelerator selected from aldoses and ketoses; polyhydroxyl compounds obtained therefrom by hydrogenation; natural and synthetic hydrophilic polymers; and mixtures thereof; and (B) a fatty acid condensation product obtained by reacting aliphatic C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 monocarboxylic acids or amide-forming derivatives thereof with polyamines and subsequent neutralization of unreacted amino groups; a process for producing such composition; and methods for its use. Preferably, the polyamines correspond to the formula ##STR1## wherein: R is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or hydroxyethyl,R.sup.1 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -NHR,n is 2 to 4, andm is 1 to 4.

Abstract: A process for improving the adhesion of finishes to oiled and/or hydrophobicized leathers wherein oiled and/or hydrophobicized leathers are treated before prefinishing and/or in the prefinish with aqueous dispersions containing(A) short-chain and/or medium-chain alkyl ether phosphates and(B) finely divided, soft, urea-group-terminated, aliphatic anionic polyurethane dispersions.

Abstract: A process for leather tanning having the improvement of imparting waterproof properties to the leather by incorporating a sulfosuccinic monoester in the fatliquor.

Abstract: A method for lubricating/releasing polyvinyl chloride, its copolymers, or polymer mixtures thereof, in which there is added a polyester comrising the polycondensation product of a C.sub.12-24 hydroxy carboxylic acid containing a secondary hydroxyl moiety, which may be chain terminated by a C.sub.8-24 monocarboxylic acid or glycerol.