Abstract: The process comprises polymerization of liquid pyrolyzates of petroleum hydrocarbons when heating them in the presence of an initiator containing an organic peroxide and a metal salt of an organic acid. Fractions having boiling point of 10.degree. to 190.degree. C. are used as liquid pyrolyzates of petrocarbons.

Abstract: The process for preparing methyl isocyanate includes feeding methyl halide through a reaction mixture at a rate of 0.5 to 3 moles of methyl halide per mole of cyanate per hour, the contact time being 1 to 4 min and a molar ratio of an organic solvent to methyl halide being (3 to 5):1 with subsequent withdrawal of the product out of the reaction zone.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, the process for preparing allyl chloride comprises chlorination of propylene with hydrogen chloride in an upward stream consisting of propylene, hydrogen chloride and a catalyst, i.e. manganese dioxide incorporated in a leaned manganese ore in an amount of 20 to 35% byu weight at a temperature within the range of from 300.degree. to 500.degree. C., concentration of the catalyst in the stream of 130-180 kg/m.sup.3, time of contact between propylene, hydrogen chloride and the catalyst in the stream of 0.2-0.7 sec and a volume ratio between propylene and hydrogen chloride in the stream of 1:3-5 respectively. Then the spent catalyst is separated from the reaction mixture resulting from chlorination, regenerated with oxygen at a temperature of from 500.degree. to 520.degree. C. and recycled to the chlorination process. The process according to the present invention makes it possible to achieve a yield of allyl chloride of up to 81.5 vol.

Abstract: A method for preparing .alpha.-naphthol according to the present invention comprises sulphonation of naphthalene with an equimolar amount of a concentrated sulphuric acid at a temperature ranging from 30.degree. to 85.degree. C. for a period of from 60 to 120 minutes in the presence of acetic anhydride whereafter .alpha.in an amount of from 0.5 to 1.5 mole per mole of naphthalene. The resulting naphthalene-.alpha.-sulphonic acid is fused with an alkali taken in an amount of 3-4 moles per mole of naphthalene-.alpha.-sulphonic acid at a temperature ranging from 180.degree. to 285.degree. C. for a period of from 10 to 30 minutes. The resulting melt consisting of the alkali metal .alpha.-naphtholate and the alkali metal sulphite is mixed with a polar solvent; the resulting mixture is acidified with a mineral acid taken in an amount equimolar relative to the alkali metal .alpha.-naphtholate, whereafter.alpha.-naphthol is separated from the resulting suspension.

Abstract: A process for preparing a film-forming composition comprising co-oligomerization of arylalkenes with conjugated dienes at a weight ratio therebetween of from 1:1 to 4:1 respectively, at a temperature within the range of between 60.degree. and 140.degree. C. in a medium of a hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of a co-oligomerization initiator, that is an organic peroxide or an organic hydroperoxide, and a molecular weight control agent. The hydrocarbon solvent is a petroleum fraction boiling within the range of from 160.degree. to 220.degree. C., or a hydrogenate of said petroleum fraction or naphthenic hydrocarbon. The molecular weight control agent is made of products of diene condensation of conjugated dienes with cyclodienes, or a dehydrogenate of said products of diene condensation, or a fraction with a boiling range of from 160.degree. to 220.degree. C. recovered from liquid products gasoline pyrolysis. The process is technologically simple; non-toxic hydrocarbon solvents are used therein.

Abstract: A method for preparing naphthenic acids consists in that a petroleum fraction is oxidized at a temperature of 135.degree.-140.degree. C. in the presence of catalyst consisting of manganese naphthenate and potassium naphthenate; the obtained mixture of organic oxygen-containing compounds containing naphthenic and hydroxynaphthenic acids is diluted with an organic solvent, and the hydroxynaphthenic acids are precipitated and separated; the solution of the organic oxygen-containing compounds freed from hydroxynaphthenic acids in said organic solvent is treated with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide; thus obtained aqueous solution of sodium naphthenates is separated; said aqueous solution of sodium naphthenates is treated with diethyl sulphate at a temperature of 90.degree.-95.degree. C. to isolate ethyl naphthenates from which a fraction of ethyl naphthenate boiling out in a temperature range of 75.degree.-170.degree. C.

Abstract: The process for preparing butadiene (divinyl) according to the present invention comprises dehydrogenation of n-butane or a mixture thereof with n-butene at a temperature ranging from 550.degree. to 650.degree. C. in the presence of oxygen, an inert diluent and a catalyst having the following composition, percent by weight:antimony oxide: 5.0-20.0vanadium oxide: 2.0-10.0nickel oxide: 4.0-20.0thorium oxide: 0.1-1.0titanium oxide: 0.1-1.0carrier: the balance.The process of this invention makes it possible to increase simultaneously the yield and selectivity of the formation of divinyl.

Abstract: A method for producing fractions of paraffin hydrocarbons of the C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 isostructure, residing in hydroisomerization of a gasoline fraction in the presence of hydrogen on a catalyst at a temperature of 320.degree.-400.degree. C., under a pressure of 20 to 60 atm., a space rate of feeding the gasoline fraction of 1.0-1.5 hour.sup.-1 ; used as a gasoline fraction being a straight run gasoline fraction boiling out within a temperature range of 85.degree.-160.degree. C. or 160.degree.-195.degree. C., or a gasoline fraction of the coking process, boiling out within a temperature range of 35.degree.-85.degree. C. or 43.degree.-170.degree. C.; the above catalyst comprising amorphous nickelalumosilicate and zeolite of the NaY type in the NiCaHY form, in a weight ratio of 60-90:40-10, respectively, the chemical composition of the catalyst being as follows (wt.%): Ni, 7-10; Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 5-6; SiO.sub.2, 86-80; Ca, 1-2; H, 1-2.

Abstract: A process for producing gasoline which comprises cracking of a heavy petroleum feedstock in the presence of an alumino-silicate zeolite-containing catalyst maintained in a condition of an ascending flow at a temperature ranging from 480.degree. to 520.degree. C. and a mass velocity of said feedstock of from 6 to 40 hr.sup.-1 in the direction of said ascending flow with the formation of a reaction mixture containing gasoline, a fraction with a specific gravity of from 0.75 to 0.85 and a fraction with a specific gravity of from 0.85 to 0.95; the resulting reaction mixture is isolated from the catalyst and subjected to separation; said separated fractions are employed as recycle. The fraction with a specific gravity of from 0.75 to 0.85 is subjected to cracking in the presence of said catalyst which is in a condition of an ascending flow at a temperature of from 460.degree. to 520.degree. C. and a mass velocity of said fraction of from 6 to 40 hr.sup.-1 in the direction of said ascending flow.