Abstract: A method for efficiently removal of oxidised selenium from liquid, such as FGD wastewater. The method involves adding a non-iron-based reducing agent (e.g. sodium dithionite) and preferably Fe(II) ions to the liquid at a pH of above 7.5 or 8 and precipitating elemental selenium from the liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of using nitrogen-containing compounds as corrosion inhibitors. The present method is used to inhibit corrosion of a metal surface in contact with an aqueous system using 2-substituted imidazoles and 2-substituted benzimidazoles, and provides enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in the aqueous system. The method comprises the use of corrosion inhibitors that are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides. Formulations comprising 2-substituted imidazoles and 2-substituted benzimidazoles are also disclosed.

Abstract: Peroxycarboxylic acid compositions comprising compatible ionic compounds to deliver conductivity signals to enable monitoring of the peroxycarboxylic acid concentration by conductivity when diluted for use are disclosed. Methods of measuring peroxycarboxylic acid concentration by conductivity are also disclosed. Beneficially, conductivity measurement allows a user to determine concentration of the peroxycarboxylic acid at a point of use without cumbersome titration steps to determine the concentration providing various benefits at an application of use.

Abstract: Peroxycarboxylic acid compositions comprising compatible ionic compounds to deliver conductivity signals to enable monitoring of the peroxycarboxylic acid concentration by conductivity when diluted for use are disclosed. Methods of measuring peroxycarboxylic acid concentration by conductivity are also disclosed. Beneficially, conductivity measurement allows a user to determine concentration of the peroxycarboxylic acid at a point of use without cumbersome titration steps to determine the concentration providing various benefits at an application of use.

Abstract: Disclosed are corrosion inhibitor compounds and compositions useful for preventing or inhibiting corrosion of surfaces found in cooling water applications. In some embodiments, the surfaces may include mild steel, aluminum, brass, copper, galvanized steel, a copper alloy, admirality brass, or any combination thereof. Also disclosed are methods of using the compounds and compositions as corrosion inhibitors. In some embodiments, the corrosion inhibitor compounds and compositions are used in cooling water applications.

Abstract: Peroxycarboxylic acid compositions comprising compatible ionic compounds to deliver conductivity signals to enable monitoring of the peroxycarboxylic acid concentration by conductivity when diluted for use are disclosed. Methods of measuring peroxycarboxylic acid concentration by conductivity are also disclosed. Beneficially, conductivity measurement allows a user to determine concentration of the peroxycarboxylic acid at a point of use without cumbersome titration steps to determine the concentration providing various benefits at an application of use.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of using biodegradable heterocyclic compounds of relatively low toxicity as corrosion inhibitors. The present method is used to inhibit corrosion of a metal surface in contact with an aqueous system using compounds comprising a purine structure, and provides enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in aqueous systems. The method comprises the use of corrosion inhibitors that are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides. Formulations comprising purine-based compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds of relatively low aquatic toxicity and methods of using the heterocyclic compounds as corrosion inhibitors. The present method is used to inhibit corrosion of a metal surface in contact with an aqueous system using pyrazole derivatives, and provides enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in aqueous systems. The method comprises the use of corrosion inhibitors that are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides. Formulations comprising pyrazole derivatives are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of using nitrogen-containing compounds as corrosion inhibitors. The present method is used to inhibit corrosion of a metal surface in contact with an aqueous system using 2-substituted imidazoles and 2-substituted benzimidazoles, and provides enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in the aqueous system. The method comprises the use of corrosion inhibitors that are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides. Formulations comprising 2-substituted imidazoles and 2-substituted benzimidazoles are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of using nitrogen-containing compounds as corrosion inhibitors. The present method is used to inhibit corrosion of a metal surface in contact with an aqueous system using 2-substituted imidazoles and 2-substituted benzimidazoles, and provides enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in the aqueous system. The method comprises the use of corrosion inhibitors that are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides. Formulations comprising 2-substituted imidazoles and 2-substituted benzimidazoles are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds and methods useful in applications relating to industrial water systems. The compounds of the present invention are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds comprising a benzotriazole covalently bonded to a benzimidazole moiety, and provide enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in aqueous systems. The compounds of the present invention are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides.

Abstract: A system for management of solid chemistry supply can be configured to use operating attributes and sensed operating conditions associated with a process to estimate solid chemistry supply levels. The system can also be configured to control a feeder attached to a solid chemistry supply container. The control can include controlling a dose of a solid chemistry product to the container according to the estimation. The system can also be configured to communicate a message regarding an insufficient supply of the solid chemistry product.

Abstract: Disclosed are corrosion inhibitor compounds and compositions useful for preventing or inhibiting corrosion of surfaces found in cooling water applications. In some embodiments, the surfaces may include mild steel, aluminum, brass, copper, galvanized steel, a copper alloy, admirality brass, or any combination thereof. Also disclosed are methods of using the compounds and compositions as corrosion inhibitors. In some embodiments, the corrosion inhibitor compounds and compositions are used in cooling water applications.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for reducing the amount of water required in an industrial process, especially a bottling process such as beer or beverage manufacturing. The method comprising the steps of: collecting water used to rinse cleaned and/or dirty recycled bottles, spraying the collected water at a food contacting piece of equipment as part of a CIP rinse, and passing the CIP second rinse water into a cooling tower as make-up water. The method allows for the re-use of water already in the system but by being careful where each water stream goes the water does not accumulate contaminants that would damage the cooling tower or foul the bottled product or vessel that is cleaned by CIP method.

Abstract: A method for efficiently removal of oxidised selenium from liquid, such as FGD wastewater. The method involves adding a non-iron-based reducing agent (e.g. sodium dithionite) and preferably Fe(II) ions to the liquid at a pH of above 7.5 or 8 and precipitating elemental selenium from the liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed are corrosion inhibitor compounds and compositions useful for preventing or inhibiting corrosion of surfaces found in cooling water applications. In some embodiments, the surfaces may include mild steel, aluminum, brass, copper, galvanized steel, a copper alloy, admirality brass, or any combination thereof. Also disclosed are methods of using the compounds and compositions as corrosion inhibitors. In some embodiments, the corrosion inhibitor compounds and compositions are used in cooling water applications.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds and methods useful in applications relating to industrial water systems. The compounds of the present invention are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds comprising a benzotriazole covalently bonded to a benzimidazole moiety, and provide enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in aqueous systems. The compounds of the present invention are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of using biodegradable heterocyclic compounds of relatively low toxicity as corrosion inhibitors. The present method is used to inhibit corrosion of a metal surface in contact with an aqueous system using compounds comprising a purine structure, and provides enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in aqueous systems. The method comprises the use of corrosion inhibitors that are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides. Formulations comprising purine-based compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of using nitrogen-containing compounds as corrosion inhibitors. The present method is used to inhibit corrosion of a metal surface in contact with an aqueous system using 2-substituted imidazoles and 2-substituted benzimidazoles, and provides enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in the aqueous system. The method comprises the use of corrosion inhibitors that are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides. Formulations comprising 2-substituted imidazoles and 2-substituted benzimidazoles are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds of relatively low aquatic toxicity and methods of using the heterocyclic compounds as corrosion inhibitors. The present method is used to inhibit corrosion of a metal surface in contact with an aqueous system using pyrazole derivatives, and provides enhanced protection against corrosion of metals in aqueous systems. The method comprises the use of corrosion inhibitors that are generally resistant to halogen attack and provide good corrosion resistance in the presence of oxidizing halogen-based biocides. Formulations comprising pyrazole derivatives are also disclosed.