Abstract: Carotenoids are extracted and/or enriched from a mixture containing such compounds. The extraction/enrichment process involves the use of liquefied or supercritical solvents to extract lipids and carotenoids from carotenoid-containing substrates. The extraction process can also be performed in two steps in which lipids and carotenoids are first removed from a carotenoid-containing substrate with a liquefied or supercritical solvent, and subsequently a liquefied or supercritical gas is used to separate the lipids from the carotenoids. The two step process can be reversed to first extract lipids with the liquefied or supercritical gas, and subsequently use the solvent to extract the carotenoids. The process is also applicable to yield an organic solvent-free product from a carotenoid-containing source that was first extracted using an organic solvent.

Abstract: Carotenoids are extracted and/or enriched from a mixture containing such compounds. The extraction/enrichment process involves the use of liquefied or supercritical solvents to extract lipids and carotenoids from carotenoid-containing substrates. The extraction process can also be performed in two steps in which lipids and carotenoids are first removed from a carotenoid-containing substrate with a liquefied or supercritical solvent, and subsequently a liquefied or supercritical gas is used to separate the lipids from the carotenoids. The two step process can be reversed to first extract lipids with the liquefied or supercritical gas, and subsequently use the solvent to extract the carotenoids. The process is also applicable to yield an organic solvent-free product from a carotenoid-containing source that was first extracted using an organic solvent.

Abstract: Provided is a method of isolating a bio-molecule from a water-borne mixture, the method comprising: contacting the water-borne mixture with dimethyl ether to form solid particles of the bio-molecule.

Abstract: In cramp bark preparations or tinctures currently available, there are no such preparations that have been standardized to a marker compound. In this type of standardization, one compound serves as a marker to indicate the presence of an identified active ingredient as well as the presence of other constituents that give the herb its therapeutic properties. The invention identifies a compound and a process by which to standardize preparations of cramp bark (Verbena Officinalis) and related species such as black haw, of the Genus Viburnum of the Caprifoliaceae family (herein cramp bark). Verbenalin is an iridoid glycoside, and an alkaloid as well. The extraction process enriches or fortifies the yield of aglycon alkaloids and alkaloid glycosides in the botanical material of the Genus Viburnum family, including cramp bark. Alkaloid glycosides include, without limitation, verbenalin, hastatoside, and verbacoside.

Abstract: Methods of selectively reducing constituents in tobacco as well as the tobacco obtained by such methods are disclosed. Subcritical fluids, e.g., liquid carbon dioxide, serve as the reduction media.

Abstract: Provided is a method of isolating a bio-molecule from a water-borne mixture, the method comprising: contacting the water-borne mixture with dimethyl ether to form solid particles of the bio-molecule.

Abstract: Submicron particles of water-insoluble compounds, particularly drugs, are prepared by simultaneously stabilizing microparticulate suspensions of same with surface modifier molecules by rapid expansion into an aqueous medium from a compressed solution of the compound and surface modifiers in a liquefied gas and optionally homogenizing the aqueous suspension thus formed with a high pressure homogenizer.

Abstract: Pressure sensitive adhesives (PSA) having a reduced volatile fraction content are provided by a process which comprises extracting a cured PSA with a fluid in or near its supercritical state. The process provides PSAs and articles containing PSAs which meet the volatility requirements of ASTM E-595. A silicone PSA transfer film having utility in outer space is obtained.

Abstract: Pressure sensitive adhesives (PSA) having a reduced volatile fraction content are provided by a process which comprises extracting a cured PSA with a fluid in or near its supercritical state. The process provides PSAs and articles containing PSAs which meet the volatility requirements of ASTM E-595. A silicone PSA transfer film having utility in outer space is obtained.