Abstract: Method of and apparatus for casting under pressure light metal alloys in which, under the action of a pressure difference, the molten metal from a furnace, disposed in a hermetically sealed chamber, is displaced via a feed tube for molten metal and fills the cavity of a casting mold, disposed in another hermetically sealed chamber, wherein before the filling of the cavity of the casting mold with molten metal, the latter is subjected to a temperature and a metallurgical pretreatment in two furnaces, which are then in succession brought in position of casting and, at the same time or later, the casting mold is brought to desired temperature parameters, the process of casting is performed, the cast body is removed from the casting mold and the cycle is repeated. The temperature of the casting mold, before and after its filling with molten metal, is regulated by controlling the powers of the cooling and the heating systems arranged within the casting mold.