Abstract: Many industrial processes take place often under high temperatures. One of the greatest problems is overheating of surrounding structural elements in contact with hot gases. This increases the thermal load on materials and reduces the service life of constructions. The construction of efficient cooling systems is very complex and time-consuming and presents a technical challenge. The invention addresses the problem of providing a method, which ensures separation of hot gases from construction walls while allowing high gas temperatures to be achieved in the working region. The problem is solved with a method, which is characterized in that a hot gas is kept in continuous rotation in a chamber, wherein the rotating gas forms a thermally insulating gas layer due to the effect of centrifugal force, and overheating of the chamber walls is avoided thereby. Using the invention can significantly reduce heat losses and thus energy consumption. Higher efficiencies can be achieved.

Abstract: Aqueous coating compositions are disclosed that are capable of forming residual antimicrobial coatings having improved performance related to residual efficacy and duration. In various embodiments, an antimicrobial coating composition comprises at least one antimicrobial compound, at least one durable matrix forming compound, and optionally, at least one performance-enhancing additive. The antimicrobial compound is selected from non-silane quaternary compounds and quaternary silanes. The durable matrix forming compound is selected from polymers, non-polymeric organic compounds, inorganic substances, additional antimicrobial substances, reactive silanes, and non-reactive silanes. The performance-enhancing additive is selected from a polymer, a solvent, an inorganic substance, a surfactant, a crosslinker, a surface modifier, and chemical species capable of forming a sol-gel.

Abstract: An aqueous antimicrobial coating composition capable of forming an antimicrobial coating on a surface comprises at least two organosilanes, each of the at least two organosilanes having a structure, R—Si(OR?)3 wherein R=—(CH2)3—Y; Y=+—N(CH3)2(C18H37)X?; +—N(CH3)2(C14H29)X?; +—N(C10H21)2(CH3)X?; —Cl or —NH2; X?=halide, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, carbonate, organic sulfonate, organic carbonate, BF4?, or ClO4?; and R?=H, methyl or ethyl, or a C3-C6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group, with the proviso that the organosilane R—Si(OR?)3 having the C3-C6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group hydrolyzes in the aqueous antimicrobial coating composition to R—Si(OH)3.

Abstract: An aqueous antimicrobial coating composition capable of forming an antimicrobial coating on a surface comprises at least two organosilanes, each of the at least two organosilanes having a structure, R—Si(OR?)3 wherein R=—(CH2)3—Y; Y=+—N(CH3)2(C18H37)X?; +—N(CH3)2(C14H29)X?; +—N(C10H21)2(CH3)X?; —Cl or —NH2; X?=halide, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, carbonate, organic sulfonate, organic carbonate, BF4?, or ClO4; and R?=H, methyl or ethyl, or a C3-C6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group, with the proviso that the organosilane R—Si(OR?)3 having the C3-C6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group hydrolyzes in the aqueous antimicrobial coating composition to R—Si(OH)3.

Abstract: An aqueous antimicrobial coating composition capable of forming an antimicrobial coating on a surface comprises at least two organosilanes, each of the at least two organosilanes having a structure, R—Si(OR?)3 wherein R=—(CH2)3—Y; Y=+—N(CH3)2(C18H37)X?; +—N(CH3)2(C14H29)X?; +—N(C10H21)2(CH3)X?; —Cl or —NH2; X?=halide, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, carbonate, organic sulfonate, organic carbonate, BF4?, or ClO4?; and R?=H, methyl or ethyl, or a C3-C6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group, with the proviso that the organosilane R—Si(OR?)3 having the C3-C6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group hydrolyzes in the aqueous antimicrobial coating composition to R—Si(OH)3.

Abstract: An aqueous antimicrobial coating composition capable of forming an antimicrobial coating on a surface comprises at least two organosilanes, each of the at least two organosilanes having a structure, R—Si(OR?)3 wherein R=—(CH2)3—Y; Y=+—N(CH3)2(C18H37)X?; +—N(CH3)2(C14H29)X?; +—N(C10H21)2(CH3)X?; —Cl or —NH2; X?=halide, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, carbonate, organic sulfonate, organic carbonate, BF4?, or ClO4?; and R?=H, methyl or ethyl, or a C3-C6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group, with the proviso that the organosilane R—Si(OR?)3 having the C3-C6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group hydrolyzes in the aqueous antimicrobial coating composition to R—Si(OH)3.

Abstract: An aqueous antimicrobial coating composition capable of forming an antimicrobial coating on a surface comprises at least two organosilanes, each of the at least two organosilanes having a structure, R—Si(OR?)3 wherein R=—(CH2)3—Y; Y=+—N(CH3)2(C18H37)X?; +—N(CH3)2(C14H29)X?; +—N(C10H21)2(CH3)X?; —Cl or —NH2; X?=halide, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, carbonate, organic sulfonate, organic carbonate, BF4?, or ClO4?; and R?=H, methyl or ethyl, or a C3-C6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group, with the proviso that the organosilane R—Si(OR?)3 having the C3-C6 straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl group hydrolyzes in the aqueous antimicrobial coating composition to R—Si(OH)3.

Abstract: A method for forming a lipid bilayer membrane is provided, the method comprising forming a layer of lipid molecules on a liquid surface at an air-liquid interface between a liquid volume and an air volume. An aperture is moved from the liquid volume to the air volume through the layer of lipid molecules to form a lipid monolayer membrane at the aperture, the aperture being at an end of bilayer former. The aperture is then moved from the air volume to the liquid volume through the layer of lipid molecules to form the bilayer membrane. An angle of >90° is maintained between the liquid surface and a surface of the aperture during the formation of the lipid monolayer membrane and during the formation of the lipid bilayer membrane.