Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for characterizing at least one of the oxidation stability and the thermal stability of a fuel sample. The system comprises at least a device (MSIE) for performing an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement in the sample, and a device (MDM) for determining deposit mass forming in the fuel sample. The invention further relates to a method for characterizing at least one of the oxidation stability and the thermal stability of the fuel over time, from measurements performed by the system according to the invention.

Abstract: A method of estimating the internal state of a first electrochemical system for power storage is disclosed. The SoC and the electrochemical impedance are determined for different internal states of a second electrochemical system of a same type as the first electrochemical system being studied. An electrochemical impedance model is then defined as a function of the SoC and of parameters. The electrochemical impedance Z of the system studied is determined and its SoC is estimated using the model applied to electrochemical impedance Z.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optimized method for thermal management of the surface and core temperature of an electrochemical system under nominal and extreme operating conditions. For applications relating to hybrid and electric vehicles, the thermal state (T) at the surface and in the core of the constituent elements of the system has to be controlled in order to prevent thermal runaway, fire and explosion risks. Reconstruction of the internal characteristics that are not directly measurable, such as the temperature in the core of the elements, is carried out using an electrical, thermal and thermochemical runaway model of the battery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of estimating the internal state of an electrochemical system by a zero-dimensional (0D) electrochemical mathematical model for estimating the characteristics of a battery that are not directly measurable during operation thereof. For applications relating to hybrid and electric vehicles, the most significant internal characteristics are the state of charge (SoC), the state of health (SoH) and the thermal state (T). Reconstruction of the internal characteristics is achieved using a mathematical model of the battery. The method can be used with the operation of the battery itself (real time) with a concentrated-parameter (0D) or off-line mathematical model, for calibration, an optimization or a validation of management and estimation strategies. The method allows simulation of the thermal and electrical behavior of a battery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of estimating the internal state of an electrochemical system using mathematical models which allow management of an electrochemical battery during operation, and notably estimation of the characteristics of the battery that are not directly measurable. For applications relating to hybrid and electric vehicles, the most significant internal characteristics are the state of charge (SoC), the state of health (SoH) and the thermal state. Reconstruction of the internal characteristics is achieved using mathematical models of the battery. The method can be used synchronously with the operation of the battery itself (real time) with a reduced or off-line mathematical model, for calibration, optimization or validation of management and estimation strategies. The method is useful for battery sizing, which has to be optimized according to the energy and thermal management strategies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for smart management of an electrochemical battery using a method of estimating the internal state of the battery, by use of mathematical models for management of an electrochemical battery during operation thereof, and notably for estimating the characteristics of the battery that are not directly measurable. For applications relative to hybrid and electric vehicles, the most interesting internal characteristics are the state of charge (SoC), the state of health (SoH) and the thermal state. Reconstruction of the internal characteristics is done using mathematical models of the batter.

Abstract: The invention is a method for estimating the internal state of a system for the electrochemical storage of electrical energy, such as a battery. For various internal states of batteries of the same type as a battery being analysed, impedance measurements are carried out by adding an electrical signal to the current passing through the batteries. Then, an RC circuit is used to model the impedances. Next, a relationship is calibrated between the SoC (and/or the SoH) and the parameters of the RC circuit using multivariate statistical analysis. A measurement of the impedance of the battery under analysis is carried out which is modeled using the RC circuit. Finally, the relationship of the equivalent electric circuit defined for the battery being analysed is used to estimate the internal state of that battery.

Abstract: Method of estimating the internal state of an electrochemical system for electric power storage, such as a battery. The SoC and the electrochemical impedance are determined for various internal states of an electrochemical system of the same type as the electrochemical system studied. An electrochemical impedance model is then defined as a function of the SoC and of parameters. These parameters are calibrated through adjustment on the electrochemical impedance measurements obtained for the various internal states. The electrochemical impedance Z of the system studied is determined and its SoC is estimated using the model applied to electrochemical impedance Z.

Abstract: A non-invasive method and device for determining the electrical impedance of an electrochemical system for electric power is disclosed. The voltage and current are measured at terminals as a function of time, and these measurements are converted to signals dependent on frequency. The signals dependent on frequency are subjected to at least one segmentation. For each segment, a power spectral density of the current signal ?I dependent on frequency and the cross power spectral density of the voltage and current signals ?IV dependent on frequency are determined for each segment. The electrical impedance of the electrochemical system is determined by calculating a ratio dependent on frequency of a mean of the power spectral densities ?I dependent on frequency to a mean of the cross power spectral densities ?IV dependent on frequency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for smart management of an electrochemical battery using a method of estimating the internal state of the battery, by use of mathematical models for management of an electrochemical battery during operation thereof, and notably for estimating the characteristics of the battery that are not directly measurable. For applications relative to hybrid and electric vehicles, the most interesting internal characteristics are the state of charge (SoC), the state of health (SoH) and the thermal state. Reconstruction of the internal characteristics is done using mathematical models of the batter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of estimating the internal state of an electrochemical system using mathematical models which allow management of an electrochemical battery during operation, and notably estimation of the characteristics of the battery that are not directly measurable. For applications relating to hybrid and electric vehicles, the most significant internal characteristics are the state of charge (SoC), the state of health (SoH) and the thermal state. Reconstruction of the internal characteristics is achieved using mathematical models of the battery. The method can be used synchronously with the operation of the battery itself (real time) with a reduced or off-line mathematical model, for calibration, optimization or validation of management and estimation strategies. The method is useful for battery sizing, which has to be optimized according to the energy and thermal management strategies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of estimating the internal state of an electrochemical system by a zero-dimensional (0D) electrochemical mathematical model for estimating the characteristics of a battery that are not directly measurable during operation thereof. For applications relating to hybrid and electric vehicles, the most significant internal characteristics are the state of charge (SoC), the state of health (SoH) and the thermal state (T). Reconstruction of the internal characteristics is achieved using a mathematical model of the battery. The method can be used with the operation of the battery itself (real time) with a concentrated-parameter (0D) or off-line mathematical model, for calibration, an optimization or a validation of management and estimation strategies. The method allows simulation of the thermal and electrical behavior of a battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of polyamide 11 as an internal coating for a gas transport pipeline to reduce pressure loss.

Abstract: The invention concerns a structure comprising at least one metallic surface which undergoes cathodic protection and a protective coating for said surface, said coating comprising a polymer including micro-capsules containing compounds sensitive to the electric field generated by the cathodic protection and capable of reacting in an alkaline medium to form a protective layer on the surface of the structure when it is in direct contact with a corrosive medium. The invention also concerns the coating associated with said structure.

Abstract: The invention concerns a composition suitable for use as coating for a high temperature oil pipe, comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyphenylenes ether or polysulphones, alone or mixed, at least one epoxy resin modified by at least one aromatic polyamine, said resin being formed from at least one polyepoxide containing it its molecule at least two epoxy groups and the aromatic polyamine containing in its molecule at least two primary amino groups, the polyamine, epoxide molar ratio being such that, to each amine group, there corresponds to 1.6 to 2.6 epoxy groups, and at least one filler preferably mineral having an anisometric morphology, preferably selected among the group consisting of silicates such as kaolin, and micaceous iron oxides.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition comprising: at least one epoxy resin modified by at least one aromatic polyamine, said resin being formed from at least one polyepoxide containing at least two primary amine groups in its molecule, the mole ratio of the polyamine to the epoxide being such that each amine group corresponds to 1.6 to 2.6 epoxy groups; and at least one pore-forming agent or the degradation product or products of said pore-forming agent; acts to form an alveolar material that can be used in thermal or sound insulation, for example in the building, home or transport fields, and more particularly in the oil exploitation, hydrocarbon transport and refining fields.

Abstract: The invention concerns a structure comprising at least one metallic surface which undergoes cathodic protection and a protective coating for said surface, said coating comprising a polymer including micro-capsules containing compounds sensitive to the electric field generated by the cathodic protection and capable of reacting in an alkaline medium to form a protective layer on the surface of the structure when it is in direct contact with a corrosive medium. The invention also concerns the coating associated with said structure.

Abstract: Non-destructive method allowing in-situ evaluation, in a sensitive and reproducible way, for a given thermosetting composition, of the time left before gelation of said composition as a function of a quantity measuring its dielectric behavior.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition comprising:

Abstract: Non-destructive method allowing in-situ evaluation, in a sensitive and reproducible way, for a given thermosetting composition, of the time left before gelation of said composition as a function of a quantity measuring its dielectric behaviour.