Abstract: In some examples, a structure is contacted with polynucleotides having a variety of lengths and each including first and second adapters. The structure includes a substrate including first and second regions spaced apart from one another by a gap of at least 100 nm, a first set of capture primers coupled to the first region of the substrate, and a second set of capture primers coupled to the second region of the substrate. The first adapter of the polynucleotide is hybridized to a capture primer of the first set of capture primers. Based on that polynucleotide being sufficiently long to bridge the gap, it is amplified using the first and second sets of capture primers. Based upon that polynucleotide being insufficiently long to bridge the gap, it is not amplified. Optionally, a wall may be disposed in the gap.

Abstract: In an example of a method for making a flow cell, a sacrificial layer is deposited over a substrate including depressions separated by interstitial regions. The sacrificial layer is dry etched from the depressions, and the sacrificial layer remains on the interstitial regions. A functionalized layer is deposited over the depressions and over the sacrificial layer. The sacrificial layer is removed from the interstitial regions, which also removes the functionalized layer that overlies the interstitial regions.

Abstract: Provided herein include various examples of an apparatus, a sensor system and examples of a method for manufacturing aspects of an apparatus, a sensor system. The method may include forming bumps on a surface of one or more electrical contacts, where the one or more electrical contacts are accessible on an upper surface of a die, where the die is oriented on a substrate, and where the electrical contacts comprise bonding pads. The method may also include coupling one or more additional electrical contacts to the one or more electrical contacts, where the coupling comprises wire-bonding each additional electrical contact of the additional electrical contacts to one of the one or more electrical contacts accessible on the upper surface of the die, via a portion of the bumps on the surface of the one or more electrical contacts, thereby forming wire-bonded connections.

Abstract: In one example, a flow cell includes a base support and a protrusion over the base support, where the protrusion is a different material than the base support. The flow cell further includes a first functionalized layer over a first portion of the protrusion, a second functionalized layer over a second portion of the protrusion, and first and second primer sets respectively attached to the first and second functionalized layers.