Abstract: This invention provides an environmentally clean process for the selective esterfication of a tertiary alcohol (I) by an acid anhydride (II) to produce corresponding tertiary ester (III) and carboxylic acid (V), using a reusable solid catalyst (IV) comprising one or more halides of indium, gallium, zinc and iron. The process comprises: (i) contacting a mixture of (I) and (II) in the absence or presence of a non aqueous solvent with the fine particles of (IV) in a stirred hatch reactor provided with a reflux water condenser at atmospheric pressure at the reaction conditions, such that the mole ratio of (II) to (I) is in the range from about 0.1 to about 10.0; the weight ratio of (IV) to (I+II) is in the range from about 0.005 to about 0.5; the reaction temperate is below about 80° C.; and the reaction period is in the range from about 0.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for the selective esterfication of a tertiary alcohol(I) by an acid anhydride(II) to produce corresponding tertiary ester(III) and carboxylic acid(V), using a reusable solid catalyst(IV) comprising one or more halides of indium, gallium, zinc and iron. The process comprises: (i) contacting a mixture of (I) and (II) in the absence or presence of a non aqueous solvent with the fine particles of (IV) in a stirred batch reactor provided with a reflux water condenser at atmospheric pressure at the reaction conditions, such that the mole ratio of (II) to (I) is in the range from about 0.1 to about 10.0; the weight ratio of (IV) to (I+II) is in the range from about 0.005 to about 0.5; the reaction temperature is below about 80° C., and the reaction period is in the range from about 0.1 h to about 50 h; (ii) removing the solid catalyst(IV) from the reaction mixture by filtration; and (iii) reusing the separated solid catalyst for subsequent batch of the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel hydrophobic multicomponent catalyst useful in the direct oxidation of hydrogen to hydrogen peroxide and to a method for the preparation of such catalyst. More specifically, this invention relates to a novel hydrophobic muticomponent catalyst comprising a hydrophobic polymer membrane deposited on a Pd containing acidic catalyst, useful for the direct oxidation of hydrogen by oxygen to hydrogen peroxide, an a method for preparing the same.

Abstract: A process for catalytic conversion of methane or natural gas to syngas using a supported catalyst containing oxides of nickel and cobalt with of without noble metals. Efficiency of the catalytic process is increased by simultaneously carrying out an exothermic oxidation reaction and an endothermic steam and carbon dioxide reforming reaction over the supported catalyst. The catalyst is prepared by depositing oxides of nickel and cobalt, with or without noble metals, on a sintered low surface area porous inert support. Surface of the support is precoated with an oxide of Be, Mg, Ca or a mixture thereof so that a protective layer of alkaline earth oxide is formed between the oxides of nickel and cobalt and the support, and hence, direct chemical interactions between the oxides of nickel and cobalt and reactive components of the support, which leads to formation of catalytically inactive binary oxide phases, are avoided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of aralkylated aromatic compound with both small and large size aralkylating agents; wherein the catalyst used is heterogeneous solid catalyst removable from the reaction products by simple filtration, thus allowing the separated catalyst to be reused in the process. The catalyst is selected from micro or mesoporous gallosilicates and galloaluminosilicates, having structure similar to that of zeolites known in the prior art.

Abstract: A process for the activation of perovskite-type oxide by increasing its surface area and/or catalytic activity, which comprises: (i) treating perovskite-type oxide hydrothermally with liquid water with water/perovskite-type oxide ratio of above 0.1 at temperature of 50°-500° C. and period of 0.1-100 h under autogeneous pressure and drying the resulting mass or treating perovskite-type oxide hydrothermally with water vapors with or without any inert gas at space velocity of above 100 h−1, temperature of 200°-1000° C. and a period of 0.1-100 h and (ii) calcining the hydrothermally treated perovskite-type oxide in air or inert gas or under vacuum at temperature of 300°-1000° C. for a period of 0.1-100 h.

Abstract: A supported catalyst and a process for the preparation of the catalyst, the catalyst containing mixed metal oxides or halides deposited on porous catalyst carriers or supports, useful for heterogeneously or solid catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reactions such as alkylation, aralkylation, acylation, or aroylation of aromatic compounds in the preparation of fine chemicals. The supported catalyst has high activity for the Friedel-Crafts reactions when the aromatic ring activating groups are present in the aromatic ring to be aralkylated, acylated or aroylated, and also when the ring activating group is absent or when aromatic ring deactivating groups are present in the aromatic ring to aralkylated, acylated or aroylated, so that the reaction temperature is low and/or the time for completing the reaction is short. The catalyst can be separated and used repeatedly for catalytic reactions.

Abstract: An improved supported catalyst containing mixed strontium and other alkaline earth oxides deposited on a sintered low surface area porous catalyst carrier (or support) precoated with mixed lanthanum and other rare earth oxides, represented by the formula:A.sub.a SrO.sub.b (x) /R.sub.c LaO.sub.d (y) /S,wherein, A is alkaline earth element selected from Be, Mg, Ca, Ba or a mixture thereof; Sr is strontium, O is oxygen; R is rare earth element selected from Ce, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu or a mixture thereof; La is lanthanum; S is catalyst support selected from sintered low surface area porous refractory inert solids comprising of alumina, silica, silica-alumina, silicon carbide, zirconia, hafnia or a mixture thereof; a is A/Sr mole ratio in the range of about 0.01 to about 10; b is number of oxygen atoms needed to fulfill the valence requirement of alkaline earth elements (A.sub.a Sr); c is R/La mole ratio in the range of about 0.

Abstract: A process for the production of propylene and ethylene by non-catalytic oxidative conversion of propane by allowing the endothermic hydrocarbon cracking reaction to occur simultaneously with the exothermic hydrocarbons oxidative conversion reactions in an empty tubular reactor is disclosed. The process comprises mixing of oxygen and propane at ambient temperatures, mixing of sulfur compound with steam, admixing the mixture of steam and sulfur compound and the mixture of oxygen and propane and preheating the resulting admixture, passing said mixture through an empty tubular reactor, cooling and separating the components of effluent product gases by known methods and recycling the unconverted reactants, if required.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of ethylene by non-catalytic oxidative cracking of ethane or ethane rich C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 paraffins with high conversion, selectivity and productivity, operating in a most energy efficient and safe manner requiring little or no external energy, in an empty tubular reactor, wherein the exothermic oxidative conversion of ethane or ethane rich C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 paraffins is coupled with the endothermic hydrocarbon cracking reactions by carrying out both the exothermic and endothermic reactions simultaneously in the reactor so that the heat produced in the exothermic reactions is used instantly in the endothermic reactions and thereby making the overall process mildly exothermic, near thermo-neutral or mildly endothermic, which comprises passing a preheated gaseous feed comprising of ethane or ethane rich C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 paraffins, oxygen and steam through an empty tubular reactor operated at the effective temperature, pressure, space velocity and hydrocarbon/O.sub.

Abstract: A supported catalyst is prepared by depositing oxides of nickel and cobalt, with or without noble metals, on a sintered low surface area porous inert support, surface of which is precoated with an oxide of Be, Mg, Ca or a mixture thereof so that a protective layer of the alkaline earth oxide is formed between the oxides of nickel and cobalt, with or without noble metal, and the support and hence direct chemical interactions between the oxides of the group VIII transition metals and the reactive components of support, which leads to the formation of catalytically inactive binary oxide phases are avoided.

Abstract: An improved supported catalyst containing mixed strontium and other alkaline earth oxides deposited on a sintered low surface area porous catalyst carrier (or support) precoated with mixed lanthanum and other rare earth oxides, represented by the formula:A.sub.a SrO.sub.b (x)/R.sub.c LaO.sub.d (y)/S,wherein, A is alkaline earth element selected from Be, Mg, Ca, Ba or a mixture thereof; Sr is strontium; O is oxygen; R is rare earth element selected from Ce, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu or a mixture thereof; La is lanthanum; S is catalyst support selected from sintered low surface area porous refractory inert solids comprising of alumina, silica, silica-alumina, silicon carbide, zirconia, hafnia or a mixture thereof; a is A/Sr mole ratio in the range of about 0.01 to about 10; b is number of oxygen atoms needed to fulfill the valence requirement of alkaline earth elements (A.sub.a Sr); c is R/La mole ratio in the range of about 0.